王亚丽 陈煜东 王益军

摘要： 株高影响株型建成，与抗倒性、收获指数以及最终产量相关。对矮秆材料的研究有助于丰富对株高调控机理的认识。在前期研究中，对玉米矮秆材料D11的农艺与生理特征进行了分析。本研究基于高世代回交群体，通过转录组测序，对矮秆材料D11的基因表达调控进行解析。与株高正常植株相比，矮秆材料中共检测到2 537个差异表达的基因，其中1 120个基因表达上调、1 417个基因表达下调。功能注释、GO富集、通路富集的结果表明，差异表达基因参与细胞延伸、细胞骨架功能、微管组织、叶绿体功能、植物激素合成代谢等。差异表达基因最显著富集的通路与糖酵解相关。共表达分析结果表明，编码果糖-1，6-双磷酸酶的基因与多个差异表达基因存在功能关联。该研究结果揭示了玉米矮秆材料中的基因表达调控，为后续玉米株高调控节点的发掘提供了参考。

关键词： 矮秆;高世代回交群体;转录组测序;共表达;玉米

中图分类号： S513.035.3  文献标识码： A  文章编号： 1000-4440（2021）02-0280-09

Abstract： Plant height affects plant type and is related to lodging resistance， harvest index and final yield. The research on dwarf plants helps to improve the understanding of plant height regulation mechanism. In previous studies， the agronomic and physiological characteristics of maize dwarf material D11 were analyzed. In this study， based on the advanced backcross population， the gene expression regulation of D11 was analyzed by transcriptome sequencing. A total of 2 537 differentially expressed genes （DEGs） were identified，including 1 120 up-regulated and 1 417 down-regulated DEGs. Functional annotation， GO enrichment and pathway enrichment analysis results indicated that DEGs were involved in cell expansion， cytoskeletal function， microtubule organization， chloroplast function， phytohormone homeostasis. The pathway most significantly enriched by DEGs was related to glycolysis. The gene encoding fructose-1，6-bisphosphatase was functionally related to several DEGs. The results of this study reveal the gene expression regulation in maize dwarf materials， and provide a reference for the subsequent exploration of maize plant height regulatory modes.

Key words： dwarf plant;advanced backcross population;transcriptome sequencing;co-expression;maize

株高是重要的農艺性状，影响抗倒性、光合效率、收获指数和最终产量。“绿色革命”期间，产量的提高主要得益于株型与农艺措施的改良。改良的高产品种具有半矮秆性状、较高的氮肥同化效率、优良的抗倒性[1]。控制高产品种半矮秆性状的基因已被克隆。水稻的半矮秆基因semidwarf1 （sd1）编码负责赤霉素合成的酶GA 20-oxidase2 （GA20ox2）[2-3]。小麦株高降低是由于Reduced height （Rht）基因的变异所导致，Rht编码DELLA蛋白，参与赤霉素信号转导[4]。“绿色革命”期间，半矮秆性状主要是由于赤霉素合成、信号转导通路的改变所导致。……