朝天椒新品种‘骄阳6号’的选育
2021-06-30田浩任朝辉廖卫琴周安韦
田浩 任朝辉 廖卫琴 周安韦



摘 要: ‘骄阳6号是以‘ZHS2为母本,‘ZHA1为父本杂交育成的辣椒新品种。在遵义地区采用起垄覆膜种植,早春茬栽培全生育期约为197 d,为早熟品种。株高83.57 cm,株幅61.44 cm,分枝次数为8.99次,植株生长强劲,茎秆粗壮,株幅开张,分枝较多,叶卵圆形。单株结果134.67个、单果鲜质量6.57 g、果长8.23 cm、果宽1.13 cm、果柄长2.55 cm,嫩果绿色,老熟果深红色,自然环境下,晾干速度快、易于干制。平均667 m2產鲜椒1 277.96 kg,折算干椒319.49 kg,产量高,抗性强。辣椒品质好,脂肪质量分数为0.45 g·100 g-1,辣椒素质量分数为481 mg·kg-1,维生素C质量分数为226 mg·100 g-1。适宜在贵州、云南、湖南、湖北等省春季种植。2019年12月通过农业农村部非主要农作物品种登记,登记编号:GPD辣椒(2019)520567。
关键词: 辣椒; 新品种; ‘骄阳6号; 杂交1代
中图分类号: S642.1 文献标志码: A 文章编号: 1673-2871(2021)02-078-04
Breeding of a new pod pepper variety ‘Jiaoyang No. 6
TIAN Hao, REN Chaohui, LIAO Weiqin, ZHOU Anwei
(Zunyi Acadamy of Agricultural Sciences, Zunyi 536000, Guizhou, China)
Abstract: ‘Jiaoyang No. 6 is a new hybrid pod pepper developed by crossing ‘ZHS2 as female parent and ‘ZHA1 as male parent. Ridged and mulched planting is adopted in Zunyi region, and the whole growth period of early spring cultivation is about 197 days, which is an early-maturing variety. The average plant height is 83.57 cm, the plant width is 61.44 cm, it can branches for 8.99 times, the plant grows vigorously, the stalk is strong, the plant width is open, and the leaves are oval. It grows 134.67 fruits per plant from green to red, 8.23 cm in length, 1.13 cm in diameter, 2.55 cm of fruit stalk length, 6.57 g per fresh fruit. It is easy to dry with fast drying speed under natural environment. The yield is high, the average output of fresh pepper is 1 277.96 kg per 667 m2, which is equivalent to 319.49 kg per 667 m2 of dry pepper. It has strong resistance and good quality, with the fat content of 0.45 g·100 g-1, capsaicin content of 481 mg·kg-1, and vitamin C content of 226 mg·100 g-1. It is suitable for spring cultivation in Guizhou province, Yunnan province, Hunan province, Hubei province and other areas.
Key words: Pepper; New variety; ‘Jiaoyang No. 6; F1 hybrid
1 育种目标
辣椒(Capsicum annuum L.)为茄科辣椒属的一年生或多年生草本植物,原产于中南美洲,大约在16世纪后期传入中国[1-2]。辣椒是我国重要的经济作物之一,年种植面积达133万hm2,占世界辣椒种植面积的35%,现已成为我国种植面积最大的蔬菜作物[3-5]。2018年,遵义朝天椒成功获得“贵州省遵义市特产”称号和全国农产品地理标志,是遵义特色优势产业[6-7]。目前,遵义朝天椒品种选育长期处于常规种和两系杂交种选育阶段,在三系杂交选育方面一直止步不前,导致品种基础科技含量不高,制约了辣椒产业的跨越式发展[8]。在品种选育过程中,既要保留地方品种的传统特色,又对缺陷性状进行必要改良,最终实现保持系、不育系、恢复系的配套,是推动遵义朝天椒品种选育取得突破的关键。……
