秦昌鲜 闭德金 彭崇 郭强 马文清 施泽升 唐利球

摘要：【目的】評价广西甘蔗区试2015—2017年龙州点（广西崇左）甘蔗新品种（系）的农艺性状，为广西各蔗区筛选及推广甘蔗优良品种（系）提供参考依据。【方法】以新台糖22号（ROC22）为对照（CK），开展12个甘蔗品种（系）田间1年新植和2年宿根品比试验，并采用因子分析和聚类分析法对株高、茎径、有效茎数和蔗糖分等农艺性状进行综合评价。【结果】因子分析综合得分排名前3位的新品种（系）依次为桂糖08-6、桂糖08-120和桂热2号，综合得分分别为0.801、0.717和0.549分;综合得分排名靠后的新品种（系）为桂糖07-1062、柳糖08-98和桂糖07-108，综合得分分别为 -0.828、-0.519和-0.270分。聚类分析结果表明，在欧氏距离15处，可将12个甘蔗品种（系）分为五大类，其中，第I类中的桂糖08-120蔗糖分较高;第IV类的桂糖08-6发芽率、发株率、分蘖率和有效茎数均较高，蔗糖分含量一般;第V类桂热2号的发芽率、发株率和株高均较高，分蘖率和蔗糖分较低，有效茎数中等，综合表现较好。【结论】桂糖08-6具有萌芽率和发株率高及分蘖力强等特点，而桂糖08-120的蔗糖分较高，综合评价得分较高，二者均可在广西崇左蔗区特别是在龙州蔗区推广种植。

关键词： 甘蔗新品种（系）;农艺性状;因子分析;聚类分析;区域试验;广西龙州县

中图分类号： S566.1                     文献标志码： A 文章编号：2095-1191（2021）02-0317-08

Abstract：【Objective】The agronomic traits of new sugarcane varieties（lines） from 2015-2017 years in Longzhou（Chongzuo， Guangxi） of Guangxi regional trial of sugarcane varieties were evaluated，in order to provide reference for selection and promotion of fine sugarcane varieties（lines） in Longzhou. 【Method】Using ROC22 as the control，12 sugarcane varieties（lines） were subjected to one-year new planting and two-year ratooning trials in the field，and agronomic traits such as plant height，stem diameter，effective stem number and sucrose content were comprehensively evaluated using factor analysis and cluster analysis. 【Result】Results showed that the top three comprehensive scores of factor analysis were Guitang 08-6，Guitang 08-120 and Guire 2，with comprehensive scores of 0.801，0.717 and 0.549 respectively. The lowest in comprehensive scores were Guitang 07-1062，Liutang 08-98 and Guitang 07-108，with comprehensive scores of -0.828， -0.519 and -0.270 respectively. The 12 test materials were grouped into five categories when the euclidean distance was 15. Guitang 08-120 in category I had high sucrose content， Guitang 08-6 in category IV had the high germination rate，plant growth rate， tillering rate and effective stem number，and average   sucrose content. Guire 2 in category V had high germination rate，plant growth rate and plant height， low tillering rate and sucrose content，medium effective stem， and the comprehensive performance was fine. 【Conclusion】Guitang 08-6 has high germination rate，plant growth rate and strong tillering power，and Guitang 08-120 has  high sucrose content and high comprehensive score，both can be planted in Chongzuo sugarcane area of Guangxi，especially in Longzhou sugarcane area.

Key words： new susarcane variety（lines）; agronomic characters; factor analysis; cluster analysis; regional trial;Longzhou， Guangxi

Foundation item： Guangxi Innovation Team Construction Special Project of National Sugarcane Industry Technology System（nycytxgxcxtd-03-04）;Guangxi Public Welfare Basic Research Project（GXNYRKS201906）;Basic Research Pro-ject of Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences（Guinongke 2020YM42）;Open Projects of Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology（NYS20190125）

0 引言

【研究意义】蔗糖业是广西经济发展的重要支柱产业之一，也是广西财政税收和农民增收的主要来源。新台糖22号（ROC22）作为主栽品种在广西已种植20余年，品种种性退化及黑穗病发生严重，特别是宿根的黑穗病发生率较高，有些地区达30%以上，严重影响甘蔗的产量和农户的经济效益（韦昌联，2012;韦金菊等，2012）。……