刘跃钧 叶玉珠 蒋燕锋 李永和 郑英茂 谢建秋 葛永金

摘要 為了更好地运用现代技术提升黄精根茎炮制工艺，该文对黄精炮制方法进行了古法考证及文献研究。经考证，黄精始载于《名医别录》，炮制方法始载于《抱朴子内篇》，古代用药黄精基原植物以轮叶系的滇黄精、黄精、粗毛黄精、轮叶黄精和对叶系的棒丝黄精为主，互叶系的多花黄精和长梗黄精为辅;多花黄精作为药用黄精使用史见于宋朝，民国开始作为药用黄精主流基原物种。古代多花黄精炮制方法有“九蒸九曝”、黑豆炮制法、蔓菁子炮制法等，以“九蒸九曝”为主;现代多花黄精炮制方法有干燥法、蜜润蒸透法、酒润炖透法、蒸透法，均1次炮制而成。现代科学研究中，可能由于用于炮制试验的多花黄精原生境、根茎龄级及各龄级质量比例的不确定性，导致了研究结论“多花黄精炮制根茎多糖含量变化规律”大相径庭。因此，在确保根茎材料一致性的基础上，开展不同炮制方法和蒸晒次数与多花黄精根茎多糖含量之间的相关性研究，从炮制后的药效组分筛选评价多花黄精根茎最佳炮制方法，对生产更具指导意义。

关键词 多花黄精;炮制;考证;综述

Investigation and Research Review on Chinese Medicine “Huangjing”（Polygonatum Cyrtonema）for the Processing Method

LIU Yuejun1，YE Yuzhu2，JIANG Yanfeng1，LI Yonghe3，ZHEN Yingmao4，XIE Jianqiu 1，GE Yongjin1

（1 Lishui Forestry Research Institute，Lishui Zhejiang 323000，China; 2 Jingning Forestry Bureau，Qingyuan Zhejiang 323500，China; 3 Jinyun Forestry Bureau，Qingyuan Zhejiang 321400，China; 4 Jiulongshan National Nature Reserve Administration of Suichang，Suichang Zhejiang 323300，China）

Abstract In order to improve the processing technology of “Huangjing” by using modern technology，the processing method were studied in this paper.According to textual research，Huangjing was first recorded in the “Ming Yi Bie Lu”，and its processing method was first recorded in the “Internal Chapter of Baopuzi”.In ancient times，the original medicinal plants of “Huangjing” were mainly “Dianhuangjing”，“Huangjing”，“chumaohuangjing”，”Lunye Huangjing”，which were used as medicinal in the Song Dynasty，and began to be used as medicinal in the Republic of China.The mainstream primordial species of Polygonatum cyrtonema.Ancient processing methods of “Huangjing” included “nine steaming and nine aeration”，“black bean processing” and “vine processing”，the first one was the main processing methods.Modern processing methods of “Huangjing” include drying，honey steaming，wine steaming，etc.In modern scientific research，the uncertainty of the original habitat，the age of rhizome and the proportion of the quality of rhizome for processing test may lead to the conclusion that the variation of polysaccharide content in rhizome of “Huangjing” is quite different.On the basis of ensuring the consistency of rhizome materials，the correlation between different processing methods and steaming times，polysaccharide content in rhizome of “Huangjing” was studied，and the optimum processing method of “Huangjing” was evaluated from the screening of effective components after processing，which has more guiding significance for production.

Keywords Polygonatum cyrtonema;Processing;Textual research;Summary

中图分类号：R283文献标识码：Adoi：10.3969/j.issn.1673-7202.2021.03.029

中药炮制古代称“炮炙”或“修治”，旨在减毒增效，因中药炮制影响着药材的四气五味、升降浮沉及归经[1]，所以“制药贵在适中，不及则功效难求，太过则气味反失”[2]。多花黄精（Polygonatum cyrtonema）是中药材黄精3种原植物之一，生于林下、灌丛或沟谷旁阴湿肥沃土壤，分布于中南及江苏、浙江、安徽、江西、福建、四川、贵州等地[3-4]，药食同源。……