孔羿勋 杨丹彤 王曦成 周士琳 张祺睿 邓敏 刘园杰 郑丁科

摘要 为了研究在振动深松条件下深松铲预破土对深松碎土的作用效果，利用DEM-MBD耦合技术对振动深松时深松铲和土壤颗粒之间的相互作用进行模拟研究。在试验台模型及连接不改变的条件下，探讨不同破土器半径大小以及安装位置与土壤颗粒的扰动情况，采用土壤扰动云图和运动副采集力来量化深松效果。仿真试验结果表明，在振幅振频条件相同、前进速度0.4 m/s时，破土器圆内弧半径150 mm，安装位置在3号组位的土壤扰动较好，深松效果较好;带有圆弧形破土器的深松铲对深松减阻具有显著作用，可以减少耕作阻力。该研究对研制结构简单、深松减阻高效的深松机具设备提供了理论依据，也为不同土质深松作业研究提供了一种有效的计算方法。

關键词 土壤深松;振动深松铲;预破土;仿真试验

中图分类号 S22 文献标识码 A

文章编号 0517-6611（2021）09-0192-04

doi：10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2021.09.053

Abstract In order to study the pre-ripper effect of subsoiler on subsoiling broken soil under the conditions of vibration subsoiling，the interaction between subsoiler and soil particles during vibration subsoiling was simulated by using DEM-MBD coupling technology.Under the condition that the model and connection of the test-bed were not changed，the disturbance of different radius of pre-ripper，installation position and soil particles was discussed.The effect of subsoiling was quantified by soil disturbance nephogram and collection force of moving pair.The simulation test results showed that，under the conditions of the same amplitude and frequency，forward speed 0.4 m/s ，the soil disturbance was better when the inner arc radius of pre-ripper was 150 mm and the installation position was in No.3，the monitoring force was small，and the subsoiling effect was good.The subsoiler with pre-ripper had a significant effect on subsoiling and reducing resistance，which could reduce tillage resistance.This study provided a theoretical basis for the development of subsoiling machines and equipment with simple structure and high drag reduction efficiency，and also provided an effective calculation method for the study of subsoiling operations with different soil properties.

Key words Soil subsoiling;Vibrating subsoiler;Soil pre-ripping;Simulation test

利用深松技术可以打破因长时间耕作产生的土壤犁底层，提高土壤的蓄水保墒能力，进一步提高农作物抗倒伏能力和粮食产量[1-7]。但是，土壤深松过程中存在耕作阻力大、拖拉机油耗高、深松效率不高等问题[8-9]，这些问题制约着土壤深松技术的发展，使得土壤深松很难取得突破性成就[10-13]。笔者在现有深松铲的基础上加装预破土器，实现铲臂触土前先对土壤进行预切，从而有效减少深松阻力。

1 振动深松试验台仿真模型及预破土机理

1.1 振动深松试验台仿真模型