陈淑珍 孙恬 谭丽容 金晓敏 宋志萍 徐小飞 杨清苑 游淦秀 郭爱玲

摘要 [目的]按黄芪商品规格研究不同直徑规格、种植年限、部位的黄芪切片中黄芪甲苷含量的变化规律。[方法]按《中国药典》2015年版一部黄芪[含量测定]测定方法进行。[结果]不同直径规格、种植年限、不同部位的黄芪切片中黄芪甲苷含量的变化差异显著。在种植方式、种植年限、采收时间基本一致的前提下，2年生黄芪统货切圆片的直径在0.4～1.2 cm，黄芪甲苷含量与其切片直径大小显著相关，随着切片直径增大含量显著降低;种植2年的黄芪甲苷含量明显较种植3年的含量低;黄芪芦头黄芪甲苷含量较主根低。[结论]该研究为保证黄芪药效和中药精准用药提供参考依据。

关键词 黄芪;黄芪甲苷;含量;变化规律;直径规格;种植年限;部位

中图分类号 R284.1 文献标识码 A

文章编号 0517-6611（2021）09-0166-02

doi：10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2021.09.044

Abstract [Objective]The content of astragaloside IV in different diameter specifications，planting years and parts of Astragalus membranaceus slices were studied according to the commodity specifications.[Method]The content of astragaloside Ⅳ were determined according to the determination method of Astragalus membranaceus [content determination] in Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2015.[Result]The content of astragaloside IV in Astragalus membranaceus slices of different diameter specifications，planting years and different parts were significantly different.On the premise that the planting method，planting years and harvesting time were basically the same，the diameter of the 2-year-old Astragalus membranaceus was 0.4-1.2 cm.The content of astragaloside IV was significantly related to the diameter of the slice，and the content decreased significantly as the diameter of the slice increased.The content of astragaloside IV in the slices of Astragalus membranaceus planted for two years was significantly lower than that for three years.The content of astragaloside IV in astragalus reed was lower than that in the main root.[Conclusion]This study provides a reference basis for ensuring the efficacy of Astragalus membranaceus and the precise use of traditional Chinese medicine.

Key words Astragalus membranaceus;Astragaloside Ⅳ;Content;Change rule;Diameter specifications;Planting years;Part

黄芪是常用大宗药材，始载于《神农本草经》，为豆科植物蒙古黄芪Astragalus membranaceus （Fisch.） Bge.var.mongholicus （Bge.） Hsiao或膜荚黄芪Astragalus membranaceus （Fisch.） Bge.的干燥根[1]。黄芪性甘，微温，归肺、脾经，具有补气升阳、固表止汗、利水消肿、生津止血、托毒排脓等功效，用于气虚乏力、中气下陷、血虚萎黄、痹痛麻木等症状。据统计，目前约15% 临床使用的方剂中含有黄芪，且多作为君药使用，2018 年国家发布的《古代经典名方目录（第一批）》中，10% 的方剂中含有黄芪[2]。黄芪根中含有黄酮类、皂苷类、多糖和氨基酸等活性物质[3-5];黄芪甲苷、黄芪多糖是其主要成分[6-9]，黄芪甲苷含量与药效显著相关。黄芪中黄芪甲苷含量不稳定是困扰行业多时的问题。……