刘睿 熊若妃 冀琴 何梦玥

摘要 采用MODIS和GPS实测数据，结合NDVI时间序列特征，分析2000—2018年呼伦贝尔市植被（林地、牧草、马铃薯、油菜花、小麦）的物候变化特征，同时结合区域气象数据，探讨植被物候变化与气候因子之间的关系。结果表明，研究时段内各类植被曲线形态基本相似，但变化幅度不同，具体表现为牧草>马铃薯>林地>小麦>油菜花。近19年来研究区温度和降水整体呈升高趋势，随着降水增加，植被物候期表现为先提前后推迟的趋势。结合温度变化趋势可知，除马铃薯和牧草外，温度升高会导致次年植被物候期提前。此外，通过对5类植被进行分析发现油菜花是最适宜呼伦贝尔地区的农作物。

关键词 植被;物候;变化特征;遥感;MODIS;呼伦贝尔生态功能区

中图分类号 Q948 文献标识码 A

文章编号 0517-6611（2021）09-0079-09

doi：10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2021.09.021

Abstract Using the measured data of MODIS and GPS， combined with the characteristics of the NDVI time series， the phenological changes of vegetation （woodland， pasture， potatoes， rape flower， wheat） in Hulunbeier City from 2000 to 2018 were analyzed， and combined with regional meteorological data， the phenological changes of vegetation and the relationship between climate factors. The results showed that during the study period， various types of vegetation curves were basically similar in form， but the variation ranges were different， specifically expressed as pasture>potato>forest land>wheat>rape flower. Over the past 19 years， the overall temperature and precipitation in the study area had shown an upward trend. With the increase in precipitation， the phenological period of vegetation had shown a trend of advancing first and then postponing. Combined with the trend of temperature changes， except for potatoes and pastures， the increase in temperature would lead to an advance in the phenology of vegetation the following year. In addition， through analysis of five types of vegetation， it was found that rapeseed was the most suitable crop in Hulunbeier area.

Key words Vegetation;Phenology;Change characteristics;Remote sensing;MODIS;Hulunbuir ecological function zone

物候是植被在不同的生育期内表现出相似的变化现象[1]，是长期适应气候环境变化而形成的生长发育规律[2]。植物物候现象是环境条件、季节和年际变化最直接、最敏感的指示器，其发生时间可以反映陆地生态系统短期变化的特征[3]。传统的物候观测方法主要是通过设立观测站点，并利用人工目视或相机拍摄进行，这在很大程度上受到空间因素的限制，且精度不高，数据采集过程缓慢，时效性不强[4]。相比而言，由于遥感的植被物候分析具有连续且同时观测、覆盖面广、更新快等优势，已成为全球气候变化背景下植被生理物理变化研究的重要手段[5]。与其他地物类型相比，农作物在光谱上具有更高的相似度[6]，仅利用遥感影像难以对其进行识别。但由于不同农作物……