黄璐 朱卫红 郭国俊 张盼盼 乔江方 李川 张美微 牛军 刘京宝

摘要 郑单309是河南省农业科学院粮食作物研究所以自选系郑H39-1为母本、自选系郑M189为父本杂交育成的玉米新品种，2018年7月通过河南省主要农作物品种审定委员会审定，2019年10月通过农业农村部国家农作物品種审定委员会审定。2017—2018年参加国家良种攻关黄淮海夏玉米机收组区域试验，2 a平均产量为8 244.75 kg/hm2，比对照郑单958增产2.64%。2018年生产试验，平均产量为8 182.5 kg/hm2，比对照郑单958增产7.04%。郑单309具有高产、优质、耐高温、适宜籽粒机械化收获等特点，适宜种植密度为75 000～90 000株/hm2，适合在黄淮海夏玉米区的河南省，山东省，河北省保定市以及沧州市以南地区，陕西省关中灌区，山西省运城市、临汾市2个地市以及晋城市的部分平川地区，江苏和安徽两省淮河以北地区，湖北省襄阳地区作为籽粒机收品种种植。

关键词 玉米;郑单309;机械化粒收;高产;优质;耐高温

中图分类号 S513 文献标识码 A

文章编号 0517-6611（2021）09-0039-03

doi：10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2021.09.010

Abstract Zhengdan 309 is a new maize variety bred by Cereal Crops Institute，Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences with Zheng H39-1 as the female parent and Zheng M189 as the male parent.Zhengdan 309 was examined and approved by Henan provincial main crop variety Approval Committee in July 2018.And it passed the examination and was approved by National Crop Variety Approval Committee of the Ministry of Agriculture in October 2019.During 2017 and 2018，the average yield was 8 244.75 kg/hm2 in regional test for mechanical harvesting of the national improved varieties in Huang-Huai-Hai summer maize area，which was 2.64% higher than that of the control Zhengdan 958.In 2018，the average yield of production test was 8 182.5 kg/hm2，7.04% higher than that of Zhengdan 958.Zhengdan 309 has a characteristic of high yield，good quality and high density tolerance，and was suitable for mechanized grain harvest with the range of planting density of 75 000-90 000 plants/hm2.It is suitable to be planted as a mechanical grain harvest variety in the areas as follows： Henan Province，Shandong Province，Tangshan City，Langfang City，Baoding City and the south of Cangzhou City，Beijing and Tianjin City，Guanzhong irrigation area，Yuncheng City and Linfen City of Shanxi Province，plain of Jincheng City，north of Huai river of Jiangsu Province and Anhui Province，Xiangyang area of Hubei Province.

Key words Maize;Zhengdan 309;Mechanical grain harvest;High yield;Good quality;High temperature resistance

黄淮海平原是我国夏玉米的主产区[1]，常年播种面积占全国玉米总播种面积的40%以上，总产占全国玉米总产的34%左右[2]。近年来，我国玉米生产的机械化水平提高较快，黄淮海夏玉米机器播种率已达93%，而机械收获水平约为67%，籽粒机收的比例不足5%，且主要分布在新疆维吾尔自治区、黑龙江省和内蒙古东北部玉米产区[3-4] 。随着社会经济的快速发展，土地流转和规模化种植程度不断提高，在促进农业机械化发展的同时也导致了农业劳动者的减少和劳力成本的上升，在劳动力短缺和人力成本增加的情况下，要想进一步提高玉米产量，必须提升机械化水平，降低生产成本，全程机械化是玉米生产发展的必然之路[5-8]。……