冉治霖 沙苗苗

摘  要：自实行新教改以来，社会各界愈发看重“以人为本”的教育思想，因为只有这样才能将学生的本身地位还原，使其在教学中享受到更具实用价值的教学服务。尤其是高职参加工作之后必须依赖自己扎实的专业实践能力，方可获得企业主的青睐。在这种前提下，所有高职教育从业者都必须敢于突破传统教育瓶颈，摒弃过去那套生硬、老旧的灌输型教育模式，深入探索在校企合作视角下融合德国“双元制”教育，精准定位中西方之间的差异，并结合我国国情进行取长补短。文章以校企合作为视角，研究德国“双元制”教育的背景、内涵等，并分析我国高职教育与之比较的差异，探索了一条契合中国国情的教育路径。

关键词：校企合作;双元制;高职教育;借鉴

中图分类号：G640 文献标志码：A         文章编号：2096-000X（2021）06-0104-04

Abstract： Since the implementation of the Protestant Reformation， people from all walks of life have paid more attention to the educational idea of "people-oriented"， because only in this way can the students' own status be restored， so that they can enjoy more practical teaching services in teaching. In particular， after joining a job in a vocational college， one must rely on one's own solid professional practice ability to gain the favor of business owners. Under this premise， all higher vocational education practitioners must do with the traditional education bottlenecks， abandon the rigid and old indoctrination education model in the past， and deeply explore the integration of German "dual system" education from the perspective of school-enterprise cooperation so as to accurately locate the differences between China and the West， and to make up for each other's weaknesses in light of China's national conditions. From the perspective of school-enterprise cooperation， this paper studies the background and connotation of the German "dual system" education， analyzes the differences between my country's higher vocational education， and explores an educational path that suits China's national conditions.

Keywords： school-enterprise cooperation; dual system; higher vocational education; reference

前言

所謂德国“双元制”职业教育，其实就是一种将学校理论知识进行融合的企业生产实践型培训模式，此类培训模式具备更好的工学交替价值，可以让学生在参与企业生产实践的过程中积累专业技能与综合素养。此类教育模式不仅包含学习内容、学生身份、育人主体方面的双元化，更重要的是注重实践培训，可以起到事半功倍的教学成效[1]。由此，本文首先将实施“双元制”式校企合作办学模式的背景进行简要概述，分析德国“双元制”的主要内涵，并在此基础上探究德国职业教育体系与中国职业教育体系的差异，同时以德国“双元制”为借鉴，得出具体的科学启示与高职教育优化措施。……