尚永强 王显灵 吴兴波 杜清国 雒雪莲 吕斐斌

摘要：在兰州市七里河区西果园镇和魏岭乡的3个不同海拔梯度研究了种植密度对兰州百合产量的影响。结果表明，百合出苗率只与海拔高度有关，与种植密度无关;海拔高度与百合的生物学性状呈负相关;种植密度与百合株高和叶片数呈负相关，而随种植密度的增加，单株重和种球周径均表现为先增加后减小的趋势。由效应方程可得，兰州百合最佳种植密度海拔    2 200 m左右的区域为12.90万株/hm2，海拔2 400 m左右的区域为13.51万株/hm2，海拔2 600 m左右的区域为13.77万株/hm2。

关键词：兰州百合;海拔;密度;产量;生物学性状

中图分类号：S682.2       文献标志码：A      文章编号：1001-1463（2021）05-0057-06

doi：10.3969/j.issn.1001-1463.2021.05.014

Effects of Densities and Altitudes on Yield of Lilium davidii in Lanzhou

SHANG Yongqiang， WANG Xianling， WU Xingbo， DU Qingguo， LUO Xuelian， L？譈 Feibin

（Gansu Shuang Kouyuan Ecological Technology Co.， Ltd.， Lanzhou Gansu 730059， China）

Abstract：The effects of planting density on the yield of Lilium davidii of Lanzhou were studied in three different elevation gradients of Xiguoyuan Town and Weiling Township in Qilihe District of Lanzhou City. The results showed that the emergence rate of Lilium davidii was only related to the altitude， but not to the planting density. There was a negative correlation between the altitude and the biological characters of Lilium davidii. The planting density was negatively correlated with the plant height and the number of leaves， while the weight per plant and the diameter of bulbs increased first，and then decreased with the increase of planting density. According to the effect equation， the optimal planting density of Lilium davidii in Lanzhou is 129，000 plants/hm2 at an altitude of about 2 200 meters， 135，100 plants/hm2 at an altitude of about 2 400 meters， and 137，700 plants /hm2 at an altitude of about 2 600 meters.

Key words：Lilium davidii;Elevation;Density;Yield;Biological character

蘭州百合[Lilium davidii Duch. var. unicolor （Hong）Cotton]隶属于百合科（Liliaceae）百合属（Lilium）多年生草本植物，在全国各地均有分布[1 ]。兰州市七里河区西果园镇是兰州百合的主产区，区内适宜的土壤、海拔、气候等环境因素以及长期积累的种植技术，使得所产兰州百合畅销国内外，因此也被誉为“百合之乡”[2 - 5 ]。近年来，由于兰州百合的种植规模越来越大，而可种植的田块有限，导致百合的种植密度变大，品质降低，产量减少。

合理密植是农业种植技术中最有效的栽培措施之一。研究表明，合理的种植密度可有效改善作物的生物性状和增加生物量和产量[6 - 7 ]。周刚等[8 ]在研究了肥料与密度对玉米新品种郧单22产量的影响，发现农艺性状随着密度的增高而降低，产量却随着密度的增高而逐渐增加，当密度为60 000株/ hm2时产量最高;王海燕等[9 ]的研……