3种野生百合在榆中地区的引种表现
2021-06-20杨道兰尹燕冯炜弘牛慧婷李爱兵王璐何潇
杨道兰 尹燕 冯炜弘 牛慧婷 李爱兵 王璐 何潇



摘要:在兰州榆中地区对野生兰州百合、大花卷丹、王百合的适应性进行研究。结果表明,3个野生百合品种均能适应榆中地区的环境条件,但生长周期存在差异,为174~226 d。王百合花型大、柱头长、植株高、茎粗、叶多;大花卷丹花型、花形等花性状与王百合相似,但自身结实率较高,采收后产量增长率较高;兰州百合花型小、柱头短、采后母籽个数,但母籽周径小于大花卷丹。可利用各自的优良性状进行新品种选育。
关键词:野生百合;引种栽培;生物学特性
中图分类号:S644.1 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1001-1463(2021)05-0019-04
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-1463.2021.05.005
Introduction of Three Wild Lilium Species in Yuzhong Area
YANG Daolan, YIN Yan, FENG Weihong, NIU Huiting, LI Aibing,WANG Lu, HE Xiao
(Lanzhou Agricultural Science and Technology Research Extension Center, Lanzhou Gansu 730000, China)
Abstract:The adaptability of Lilium davidii, Lilium leichtlinii var. maximowiczii、 Lilium regale in Yuzhong area of Lanzhou was studied. The results showed that three wild Lilium species all adapted well to the environmental conditions in Yuzhong area, but their growth cycles were different, ranging from 174 to 226 days. Among them, Lilium regalis had the advantages of the large flower type, long stigma, high plant height, thick stem and multiple lobes; The flower type and shape of Lilium leichtlinii var. maximowiczii were similar to those of Lilium regale, but the seed setting rate was higher, and the yield growth rate after harvest was significantly higher than that of the other two varieties. Lilium davidii had the small flower type, short stigma and large number of mother seeds after harvest, but the circumference of mother seeds was significantly smaller than that of Lilium leichtlinii var. maximowiczii. New cultivars can be selected and bred according to their superior characters
Key words:Wild Lilium;Introduction and cultivation;Biological characteristics
百合(Lilium ssp.)是多年生球根草本植物,隸属于百合科百合属,大多数品种为观赏花卉,部分品种可作为蔬菜食用[1 ]。在我国,可食用的3大主栽品种为龙牙百合(Lilium brownie var. viridulum Baker)、宜兴百合(Lilium lancifolium Thunb)、兰州百合(Lilium davidii var.unicolor)[2 - 3 ],但品种间营养成分、品质以及风味均存在差异,其中兰州百合的含糖量远远高于其他2种品种,使其成为食用百合中的唯一甜百合[4 - 5 ]。近年来,兰州百合已畅销国内北京、上海等发达省市及日本、韩国、东南亚等国家和地区,在国内外市场均享有盛誉,市场前景极其广阔[6 ]。但兰州百合目前在生产上存在品种退化、种质资源研究严重滞后于产业发展的需求等问题[7 ],培育优良的百合新品种势在必行,百合新品种引种栽培是种质资源创新的重要手段[8 ]。我们对3种野生百合在榆中县新营乡的生物学特性进行系统观测,以期为新种质的创制提供参考依据。
1 材料与方法……p>
