主题乐园IP衍生品开发管理模式研究
2021-06-15刘小娟冯思怡
刘小娟 冯思怡


摘 要:近年来, 在IP经济大热的情况下,我国的各类主题乐园为吸引游客,纷纷将IP运用到了各类运营项目中,但由于缺乏创新和文化内涵的开掘,运营中出现了互相抄袭的严重同质化现象,基本上都是以大型游乐设施为依托,依靠门票经济作为主要的收入来源,乐园的持续运营难以为继。在此背景下,以主题乐园的IP衍生品开发管理模式为视角探索了我国主题乐园在IP经济下的发展模式,希望能够对我国的主题乐园建设运营提供借鉴。
关键词:主题乐园;IP衍生品;开发管理模式
中图分类号:F 272
文献标志码:A
文章编号:1005-9679(2021)02-0041-11
Abstract:In recent years, with the popularity of IP economy, all kinds of theme parks in China have applied IP to various operation projects in order to attract tourists. However, due to the lack of innovation and cultural connotation exploration, the serious homogenization phenomenon of mutual copying appeared in the operation. Basically, the park relied on large amusement facilities and relied on ticket economy as the main source of income. The sustainable operation of the park was difficult to sustain. In this context, from the perspective of IP derivative development and management mode of theme parks, this study explores the development mode of theme parks in China under the IP economy, hoping to provide some reference for the construction and operation of theme parks in China.
Key words:theme park; IP derivative; development management mode
1 問题的提出
近年来, “IP+”概念席卷了各行各业,旅游业也借助IP热潮不断实现产业的更新升级。其中,主题乐园的表现十分突出,尤其是随着上海迪士尼在中国内地安营扎寨,各类主题乐园呈现出井喷式的发展。但是各类主题乐园在遍地开花的背后,其盈利能力却令人堪忧。《2017年度全球主题公园和博物馆调查指数》显示,目前国内70%的主题乐园处于亏损状态,20%持平,仅10%的主题乐园实现了盈利。也就是说,我国主题公园的盈利能力远远落后于国外主题乐园。这主要是因为我国主题乐园依赖门票经济,盈利模式十分单一,门票占收入的70%,其他消费仅占30%。相反地,国外主题乐园的盈利主要依靠购物及衍生品消费,这也就意味着中国衍生消费品市场存在很大的增长空间,而要增强衍生品消费市场的盈利能力,IP变现无疑是最好的选择。……
