田文达 余文文 洪晨翔

摘 要：国际知识资本溢出是推动全要素生产率的重要引擎。基于中国30个省份2000—2018年面板数据，利用双向固定效应模型研究进口溢出的知识资本和FDI溢出的知识资本对全要素生产率的影响。研究结果表明：两类国际知识资本均对全要素生产率有显著促进作用，进口溢出的知识资本促进弹性大于FDI溢出的知识资本，但在加入交叉项后两者存在显著的抑制效应，这主要是由于跨国公司内部贸易的技术封锁导致;国际知识资本对全要素生产率的影响具有区域异质性，对东部的促进效应明显优于中西部。这一发现为我国更高效地利用国际知识资本进行区域间协调高质量发展提供了理论依据。

关键词：全要素生产率;知识资本溢出;进口;外商直接投资

中图分类号：F 124.3

文献标志码：A

文章编号：1005-9679（2021）02-0007-08

Abstract：International knowledge capital spillover is an important engine to promote total factor productivity. Based on the panel data of 30 provinces and cities in China from 2000 to 2018， this paper uses the two-way fixed effect model to study the impact of knowledge capital of import spillover and FDI Spillover on total factor productivity. The results show that：the two types of international knowledge capital have a significant role in promoting total factor productivity， the promotion elasticity of knowledge capital of import spillover is greater than that of FDI spillover. But there is a significant inhibitory effect after the cross item is added， which is mainly caused by the technical blockade of the internal trade of multinational companies. The influence of international knowledge capital on total factor productivity has regional heterogeneity and the promotion effect of the eastern region is better than that of the central and western regions. This finding provides a theoretical basis for China to make more efficient use of international knowledge capital for coordinated and high-quality development among regions.

Key words：total factor productivity; intellectual capital spillover; import; foreign direct investment

1 文獻综述

全要素生产率是一国经济持续发展、产业与贸易结构转型升级的重要推动力量（蔡昉，2013）。新时期的中国经济已进入结构调整的攻坚期，传统的依靠土地、劳动、资本投入的发展模式越来越难以满足生产率发展的需要。习近平总书记在改革开放40周年讲话中指出“创新发展、新旧动能转换，要坚持把发展基点放在创新上，大力培育创新优势企业，塑造更多依靠创新驱动、更多发挥先发优势的引领型发展”。另一方面，自2001年加入WTO以来，中国依靠自身比较优势积极参与国际分工体系并深度嵌入全球价值链中，开放经济水……