南极科考站的短波通信系统设计
2021-05-23王`罡胡秉晨曹红艳弓勇义
王`罡 胡秉晨 曹红艳 弓勇义



摘要:利用南极地区的电离层结构特性以及中山站、泰山站、昆仑站电离层临界频率的时间分布,对南极地区短波通信链路上的电离层特性进行分析,提出采用国产化短波通信控制系统搭配水平偶极子天线的设计方案,并进行系统通信链路和可通频率等的技术论证,得到南极地区的电离层变化情况及系统的可通信率,从而验证南极地区各考察站之间建设短波通信系统的可行性问题。
关键词:南极;电离层;短波通信系统;临界频率;水平偶极子
中图分类号:TN914 文献标识码:A
文章编号:1009-3044(2021)11-0017-04
The Design of Shortwave Communication System in Antarctic Research Station
WANG Gang1,HU Bing-chen2,CAO Hong-yan1,GONG Yong-yi1
(1.China Research Institute of Radiowave Propagation,Qingdao 266107, China; 2.Polar Research Institute of China, Shanghai 200136, China)
Abstract: Using the structural characteristics of the ionosphere in the Antarctic region and the time distribution of ionospheric critical frequencies at Zhongshan Station, Taishan Station and Kunlun Station, to analyze ionospheric the characteristics on the shortwave communication link in the Antarctic region, and proposed the scheme of using a localized shortwave communication control system with the horizontal dipole antenna, and carried out the technical demonstration of the systematic communication link and the passable frequency, the ionospheric changes in the Antarctic area and communicable rate of the system are obtained. Thus, the feasibility of constructing shortwave communication system between the various research stations in the Antarctic area was verified.
Key words: antarctica; ionosphere; shortwave communication system; critical frequency; horizontal dipole
1 引言
隨着卫星通信和网络通信的发展,短波作为远距离与国内通信的方式逐渐被取代。目前南极中山站通信系统包括短波通信系统、甚高频通信系统、卫星通信系统,与周边近距离通信使用甚高频通信系统,远距离通信使用卫星通信系统。近些年短波通信技术有了较大发展,短波设备逐渐小型化、网络化、自动化,短波通信系统也能够满足中山站与昆仑站、泰山站的远距离无线通信。短波通信系统相比卫星通信系统,主要优势为:
1)短波通信系统设备组成和架设简单、使用灵活,卫星通信系统设备组成复杂;
2)短波通信系统购置和使用费用极低,卫星通信系统费用较高。短波通信设备价格低廉,安装成功后,只需极低的维护费用。卫星通信设备价格较高,后期也需要高昂的使用费用;
3)短波通信系统抗毁性强。卫星通信系统需要依赖卫星的正常运行。……
