邵月花 谈存峰

摘  要：随着我国经济增长的常态化和城市化进程的加快，农村居民的生活质量和消费水平不断提高，居民能源需求和消耗持续增长。文章以甘肃农村居民消费结构变化为研究对象，探讨甘肃农村居民消费引起的碳排放量变化情况。利用2008

～2017年甘肃省统计年鉴数据构建ELES模型，通过边际消费倾向、消费价格弹性和需求收入弹性对甘肃农村居民的消费水平和消费结构进行分析，发现甘肃农村居民的消费水平逐渐提高，且消费结构由生存型消费转向品质型消费，但仍未改变消费结构不合理的局面。根据结论针对性地提出相关建议，优化消费结构，提倡居民低碳消费。

关键词：甘肃省;消费结构;ELES模型;低碳消费

中图分类号：F259.27    文献标识码：A

Abstract： With the normalization of China's economic growth and the acceleration of urbanization process， the quality of life and consumption level of rural residents continue to improve， and residents' energy demand and consumption continue to grow. This paper takes the change of consumption structure of rural residents in Gansu province as the research object， and discusses the change of carbon emissions caused by consumption of rural residents in Gansu province. Based on the statistical yearbook data of Gansu province from 2008 to 2017， this paper constructs ELES model， analyzes the consumption level and consumption structure of rural residents in Gansu province through marginal propensity to consumption， consumption price elasticity and demand income elasticity. It is found that the consumption level of rural residents in Gansu province is gradually improving， and the consumption structure is changing from survival oriented consumption to quality-oriented consumption， but the consumption structure is still unreasonable the situation. According to the conclusion， the paper puts forward relevant suggestions， optimizes the consumption structure and advocates low-carbon consumption of residents.

Key words： Gansu province; consumption structure; ELES model; low carbon consumption

“低碳消費”是“低碳经济”的衍生词，低碳经济是个体低碳消费的统称。随着环境问题的日益严峻，国家对环保低碳的关注极高，2017年提出“绿色低碳循环发展”的生活方式，2018年实施“碳税”政策等，都旨在促进消费者低碳减排行为。农村作为居民生活、生产的主要集聚地，不仅是农村居民消费的主要场所，也是碳排放的主地区之一[1]。近年来，国家经济增速快，人口数量增加，能源消耗及碳排放扩大趋势明显，加剧了国家能源的供需矛盾，对生态环境的影响尤为明显[2-3]。降低居民碳排放量、推行低碳消费行为是引导居民消费结构优化升级、创建绿色健康社会的重要措施。

1  研究方法与数据来源

1.1  居民消费结构及碳排放等级划分。……