基于区间直觉模糊多属性决策的供应链众筹项目选择算法
2021-05-12祝剑利屈绍建
祝剑利 屈绍建



摘 要:如今,供应链众筹逐渐成为了一种重要的融资渠道。与传统融资方式相比,供应链众筹成本低、速度快,由此也成为人们投資的热门。针对投资者面临繁杂众筹项目难以有效选择问题,提出了一种基于区间直觉模糊多属性决策的供应链众筹项目选择算法。建立了众筹项目选择的指标体系,给出了基于决策者判断矩阵的指标权重确定方法,利用区间直觉模糊集刻画决策者评估指标的重要度信息,构造了偏差函数最小化的指标权重优化模型,并给出了基于相对贴近度的众筹项目选择的具体步骤。最后通过实际算例,说明了该算法在众筹项目选择上的有效性。
关键词:众筹项目;多属性决策;区间直觉模糊;相对贴近度
中图分类号:F274 文献标识码:A
Abstract Nowadays, supply chain crowdfunding has become an important financing channel. Compared with traditional financing methods, supply chain crowdfunding is low in cost and fast in speed, which has become a hot topic for people to invest. Aiming at the problem that investors cannot effectively select complex crowdfunding projects, a crowdfunding project selection algorithm based on interval valued intuitionistic fuzzy multi-attribute decision-making is proposed. The index system of crowdfunding project selection is established, and the method of index weight determination based on judgment matrix is given. The interval intuitionistic fuzzy set is used to describe the importance information of decision-makers' evaluation index of crowdfunding project selection, and the index weight optimization model of minimizing deviation function is constructed, and the specific steps of crowdfunding project selection based on relative closeness degree are given. Finally, a practical example is given to illustrate the effectiveness of this method in crowdfunding project selection.
Key words: crowdfunding projects; multiple attribute decision making; interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy number;relative closeness degree
0 引 言
随着小微企业及创业者资金需求的增多,传统银行贷款和风险投资等模式并不能予以完全满足。众筹作为新型的融资模式,给一些困境中的小微企业提供了全新的外部融资渠道[1]。近些年信息技术的快速发展也显著提高了公众对众筹的兴趣[2-3]。自2009年全球首家众筹网站Kickstarter上线以来,众筹便以惊人的速度在全球范围内蔓延开来。然而数据显示,截至2021年2月,在美国众筹网站Kickstarter上发起的511 805个项目中,只有38.45%获得成功。为了更好地了解众筹项目的动态,过去进行了大量的研究。研究揭示了众筹项目能够积极运作的重要指标或属性主要集中在发起者特征[4-5](如以往经验、社交网络),项目信息[1,6](如融资期限、规模及周期),回报类型[1,3]及地理位置[1,7]等。……
