杨继忠 俞华林 李雨阳 赵宝勰 师学豪

摘要：2019年在白银市旱作农业区、黄河灌区和井泉砂田灌区选择4个试点，进行了胡麻新品种多点试验研究。通过对6个参试品种的丰产性、稳产性及主要经济性状分析，初步确定白银市不同生态区域的主栽胡麻品种和搭配品种，即旱作区胡麻主栽品种为定亚22号，搭配品种为陇亚13号、陇亚14号;沿黄河灌区和井泉砂田灌区主栽品种为陇亚13号和陇亚14号，水肥条件较好的沿黄河灌区和井泉砂田灌区首选搭配品种为陇亚10号，水肥条件不充足的高扬程黄河灌区首选搭配品种为定亚22号。

关键词：旱作区;沿黄河灌区;高扬程黄河灌区;井泉砂田灌区;胡麻;主栽品种;搭配品种

中图分类号：S565.9       文献标志码：A      文章编号：1001-1463（2021）02-0019-06

doi：10.3969/j.issn.1001-1463.2021.02.006

Regional Test of New Flax Cultivars in Baiyin City

YANG Jizhong， YU Hualin， LIYuyang， ZHAO Baoxie， SHI Xuehao

（Baiyin Institute of Agricultural Sciences， Baiyin Gansu 730900， China）

Abstract：Four pilot areas were selected in Dry Farming Area，Yellow River Irrigation Area and Jingquan Sand Field Irrigation Area of Baiyin City to carry out multi-point test research on new flax cultivars in 2019. Based on the comprehensive analysis of high yield， stable yield and main economy characters of the tested cultivars， the main cultivars and matching cultivars in different ecological regions of flax in Baiyin City were preliminarily determined. That is， the main cultivar of flax in dry farming area is Dingya 22， collocation cultivar Longya 13 andLongya 14; the main cultivars s of the Irrigation Area along the Yellow River and well spring sand field irrigation area are Longya 13 and Longya 14. Longya 10 is the preferred collocation cultivar in the Irrigated Area along the Yellow River with better water and fertilizer conditions and Jingquan Shatian Irrigated Area， while Dingya 22 is the preferred collocation cultivar in High lift Yellow River Irrigation Area with less water and fertilizer conditions.

Key words：Dry farming area;Irrigation Area along the Yellow River;High Lift Yellow River Irrigation Area;Jingquan Sand Field Irrigation Area;Flax;Main cultivar;Compatible cultivar

胡麻因其具有抗旱、耐瘠、适应性强等特性[1 - 2 ]，主要分布于西北、华北高寒干旱、半干旱地区[3 - 6 ]，已逐步成为西北地区农民调整种植结构的重要作物[7 ]。胡麻作为白银市重要的油料作物，常年播种面积2万hm2以上[8 ]，种植区域按照生态条件不同可划分为三大类型，即旱作区、黄河灌区和井泉砂田灌区。自国家特色油料产业技术体系启动以来，推出了新的高产优质胡麻品种，经过胡麻白银综合试验站多年连续试验示范及推广，新品种被广泛应用于生产，现已基本实现普及。为了充分挖掘新品种增产优势，实现品种区域分布合理化，我们分别在旱作区会宁县中川镇、水肥条件较好的沿黄河灌区靖远县刘川镇、水肥条件较差的高扬程黄河灌区景泰县中泉镇、灌水便利肥力较好的井泉砂田灌区平川区宝积镇开展了胡麻新品种适宜性试验，以促进当地胡麻产业持续健康发展。……