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精神分裂症患者伴发攻击行为临床情况及相关影响因素探讨

2021-05-10赵建君

中国医学创新 2021年6期
关键词:精神分裂症

赵建君

【摘要】 目的:探討精神分裂症患者伴发攻击行为临床情况及相关影响因素。方法:选择2016年12月-2019年12月在本院临床确诊的精神分裂症患者201例为研究对象。根据是否出现暴力攻击行为将其分为攻击组(n=83)和非攻击组(n=118)。比较两组患者的相关临床特征、简明精神病评定量表(BPRS)及艾森克个性问卷(EPQ)评分情况,并应用logistic分析相关影响因素。结果:两组患者住院形式、既往攻击行为、住院次数、重大生活事件比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。攻击组患者BPRS评分中的焦虑抑郁、敌对猜疑、缺乏活力、思维障碍及激活性评分均明显高于非攻击组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。攻击组患者EPQ评分中的精神质、内外向性、神经质及掩饰性评分均明显高于非攻击组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。logistic回归分析结果显示,非自愿住院、既往有攻击史、住院次数<3次、有重大生活事件、焦虑抑郁、敌对猜疑、缺乏活力、思维障碍、激活性、精神质、内外向性、神经质及掩饰性均为精神分裂症患者伴发攻击行为患者的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论:精神分裂症患者伴发攻击行为与患者非自愿入院治疗、有攻击行为史、有重大生活事件、BPRS得分及EPQ得分等均存在联系,临床护理人员应根据患者的具体情况采取适当的护理措施。

【关键词】 精神分裂症 攻击行为 相关因素 临床情况

[Abstract] Objective: To discuss on the clinical situation and related influencing factors of the accompanying aggressive behavior in schizophrenia patients. Method: A total of 201 patients with schizophrenia who clinically diagnosed in our hospital from December 2016 to December 2019 were selected as the research subjects. They were divided into aggressive group (n=83) and non-aggressive group (n=118) according to the presence or absence of violent aggression. Clinical characteristics, the brief psychiatric rating scale (BPRS) and Eysenck personality questionnaire (EPQ) scores were compared between two groups, and the related influencing factors were analyzed by logistic. Result: The hospitalization form, previous aggressive behavior, hospitalization frequency and major life events between two groups were compared, the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). The BPRS scores of anxiety and depression, hostile suspicion, inactivity, thinking disorder and activation in the aggressive group were significantly higher than those in the non-aggressive group (P<0.05). EPQ scores of psychoticism, extraversion, neuroticism and disguise in the aggressive group were significantly higher than those in the non-aggressive group (P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis results showed that the involuntary admission, has a history of attacks, hospitalized times < 3 times, major life events, anxiety, depression, hostile suspicion, lack of energy, thought disorder, activation, mental quality, for both internal and external to the sex, neuroticism and hide schizophrenia were independent risk factors for accompanying aggressive behavior in schizophrenia patients (P<0.05). Conclusion: Accompanying aggressive behavior in schizophrenia patients is associated with involuntary hospitalization, aggressive behavior history, major life events, BPRS score and EPQ score, etc. Clinical nursing staff should take appropriate nursing measures according to the specific situation of patients.

[Key words] Schizophrenia Aggressive behavior Relevant factors Clinical situation

First-authors address: Kangning Hospital, Chaoyang 122000, China

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-4985.2021.06.036

精神分裂症是以个性、思维、情感、行为的分裂,精神活动与环境的不协调为主要特征的一类最常见的精神病[1]。有关资料显示,近年来精神分裂症患者发病率为0.43%~0.69%[2],在精神疾病暴力攻击行为中,大部分患者被诊断为精神分裂症。而精神分裂症患者出现暴力攻击行为问题是目前社会关注的焦点,由于该类患者无法控制精神行为,导致暴力攻击性具有迅速、强烈等特征,对患者自身、社会、家庭及医院处于危险状态[3-4]。由此对精神分裂症患者的攻击性行为进行研究具有重要的社会学意义[5]。本文旨在探讨精神分裂症患者伴发攻击行为临床情况及相关影响因素。現报道如下。

1 资料与方法

1.1 一般资料 选择2016年12月-2019年12月在本院临床确诊的精神分裂症患者201例为研究对象。(1)纳入标准:①均符合精神分裂症诊断标准[6];②无内脏功能损伤或肢体运动障碍;③住院时间在一年以上;④小学以上文化程度,能理解量表内容,独立完成问卷自评。……

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