药物治疗高血压患者有效控制血压的独立预测因子
2021-04-29魏长斌
魏长斌
[摘要] 目的 探討药物治疗高血压患者血压有效控制的独立预测因子。 方法 选取2017年3月至2020年3月我院治疗的高血压患者1057例为研究对象,根据血压控制情况分为血压受控组(收缩压<140 mmHg且舒张压<90 mmHg)和血压未受控组(收缩压≥140 mmHg且舒张压≥90 mmHg)。比较两组一般资料和血压水平,采用Logistic回归分析评估高血压患者血压控制的相关因素。 结果 40.49%(428/1057)的高血压患者经过药物治疗后血压受控。血压受控组年龄为(58.82±12.53)岁、男性为48.60%、习惯性饮酒者为5.61%、吸烟者为6.78%、运动者为41.82%、NSAIDS使用者为10.05%、有高血压家族史者为9.11%、合并心血管疾病者为30.14%,与血压未受控组的(59.73±13.89)岁、62.96%、11.45%、15.26%、23.69%、19.87%、26.39%、40.06%比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄≥60岁(OR=2.33)、男性(OR=1.24)、BMI≥28.00 kg/m2(OR=2.37)、习惯性饮酒(OR=1.46)、长期使用NSAIDS(OR=1.41)、心血管疾病(OR=1.57)为血压控制的危险因素,而每周运动≥3.5 h(OR=0.84)为血压控制的保护因素。 结论 肥胖、习惯性饮酒、长期使用NSAIDS、每周运动≥3.5 h与血压控制有关,应被视为潜在的干预目标。
[关键词] 高血压;药物治疗;血压控制;预测因子;运动
[中图分类号] R544.1 [文献标识码] B [文章编号] 1673-9701(2021)07-0107-04
Independent predictors of effective control on blood pressure in hypertensive patients treated with drugs
WEI Changbin
Pharmacy Department, Qinghai Provincial Communications Hospital, Xining 810000, China
[Abstract] Objective To explore the independent predictors of effective control of blood pressure in hypertensive patients treated with drugs. Methods A total of 1057 patients with hypertension treated in our hospital from March 2017 to March 2020 were collected as research objects. According to the blood pressure controlled situation , they were divided into the blood pressure controlled group(systolic blood pressure <140 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure <90 mmHg) and the blood pressure uncontrolled group (systolic blood pressure ≥140 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mmHg). The basic data and blood pressure level of the two groups were detected and compared. Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the related factors of blood pressure control in patients with hypertension. Results The blood pressure of 40.49%(428/1057) patients with hypertension was well controlled after drug treatment. Of the blood pressure uncontrolled group, the age was(58.82±12.53) years old, 48.60% was males, 5.61% was habitual drinking, 6.78% was smokers, 41.82% did exercises, 10.05% used NSAIDS, 9.11% had family history of hypertension, 30.14% complicated with cardiovascular disease; compared with(59.73±13.89) years old, 62.96%, 11.45%, 15.26%, 23.69%, 19.87%, 26.39%, 40.06% in the blood pressure uncontrolled group, the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that ≥60 years old age(OR=2.33), male (OR=1.24), BMI≥28.00 kg/m2 (OR=2.37), habitual drinking (OR=1.46), long-term use of NSAIDS (OR=1.41) and cardiovascular disease(OR=1.57) were risk factors for blood pressure control, while weekly exercise ≥3.5 h(OR=0.84) was a protective factor of blood pressure control. Conclusion Obesity, habitual drinking, long-term use of NSAIDS and weekly exercise ≥ 3.5 h are related to blood pressure control and should be regarded as potential intervention targets.
[Key words] Hypertension; Medication; Blood pressure control; Predictive factors; Exercise
心血管疾病(Cardiovascular disease,CVD)是世界范围内死亡率最高的疾病,而高血压是心血管疾病发病和死亡的主要因素之一[1]。了解高血压的预防策略、最佳治疗方法及有效控制措施,对于降低心血管疾病死亡率、降低疾病负担和社会经济负担具有重要意义。据报道,高血压影响了全球范围内约1/3的人群[2],尽管已有多种有效的降压治疗方案和指导方针,高血压的患病率和控制率在不同国家和地区的差异仍较大。美国国家健康和营养调查(National health and nutrition examination survey,NHANES)的数据显示,有53.5%的人未将血压控制在140/90 mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa)以下[3]。欧洲心血管风险预防和管理调查研究显示,总人口中有51.6%患有难以控制的高血压[4]。中国是世界上最大的发展中国家,2002年中国营养与健康调查的数据显示,在中国,男性高血压患病率为20%,女性为17%,约233万高血压患者死于心血管疾病[5]。自此,中国开展了多项高血压防治活动,且医疗资源覆盖率和利用率大幅提高。近年来,虽然我国高血压患者的知晓率、治疗率和控制率有所提升,但在总体上仍处于较低水平,且高血压的发病也呈上升趋势。通过有效的药物治疗和患者生活方式改变,可有效降低高血压的患病风险。……
