李松平 赵玉良 何芳婵 赵雪萍 王建华 袁群

摘 要：南水北调中线总干渠左岸排水倒虹吸众多，倒虹吸布置合理与否直接关系左岸防洪和总干渠安全。为验证小庄沟倒虹吸布置的合理性，采用1∶25的正态模型，系统研究了倒虹吸的过流能力、进出口布置合理性、管内淤积情况等。通过对进出口体形的优化修改，有效规避了四面进流不利流态，减少了进口旋涡，减轻了下游冲刷，大大提升了倒虹吸的过流能力，解决了左岸防洪问题。

关键词：倒虹吸;水工模型;冲刷淤积;小庄沟;南水北调中线

中图分类号：TV131.61 文献标志码：A

doi：10.3969/j.issn.1000-1379.2021.04.024

引用格式：李松平，赵玉良，何芳婵，等.南水北调中线小庄沟倒虹吸流态优化和冲刷试验[J].人民黄河，2021，43（4）：131-133，146.

Abstract： There are many inverted siphons on the left bank of the main canal in the Middle Route of South to North Water Transfer Project. Whether the arrangement of inverted siphons is reasonable or not is directly related to the outlet of the flood on the left bank and the safety of the main canal. In order to verify the rationality of the arrangement of inverted siphon in Xiaozhuanggou， a normal model of scale 1∶25 was used to systematically study the overflow capacity， the arrangement of inlet and outlet and the deposition in the pipe. The optimization and modification for the shape of the inlet and outlet can only effectively avoid the adverse flow pattern of the four sides of the inflow and reduce the inlet vortex and downstream scour， but also greatly improve the flow capacity of the inverted siphon and solve the problem of flood outlet on the left bank， which have a great reference value for the design of similar projects.

Key words： inverted siphon; hydraulic model; erosion and deposition; Xiaozhuanggou; South to North Water Diversion Project

南水北调中线总干渠左岸排水工程是总干渠与河流交叉工程的组成部分，排水倒虹吸是左岸排水建筑物中数量最多的建筑物，分布广泛，工程规模差别较大。小庄沟排水倒虹吸工程位于河南省鹤壁市淇县北阳镇小庄村北約0.4 km处，倒虹吸工程中心线与总干渠中心线交角为115°。河道交叉断面以上集水面积11.55 km2，干流长7.1 km，沟道平均比降为6.06%，沟内杂草较少，河床为沙卵石洪积物，主要成分是黄土状重粉质壤土、重壤土、沙质土及大小不等的卵石等，上下游均无控制工程[1]。

倒虹吸布置合理与否直接关系左岸防洪和南水北调中线总干渠安全[2-9]。研究和确定合理的工程布置和防护措施，可以验证工程设计的合理性及防洪安全性，为优化工程设计提供依据。……