黑龙江 江西

1.（超级全能生9 月联考B 卷，第24-27 题）

Every child who grows up in a busy household needs a little peace and quiet sometimes.As a little girl,Nalini Nadkarni discovered one place she could always find quietness.She would climb up into the maple trees（枫树）around the suburban American home.There,she made a promise that one day,she would become someone who used her love of trees to help protect them.

As she grew,her interest was drawn toward rainforest ecology.Pursuing her studies in graduate school,she ended up at a research station in Costa Rica.Looking up into the jungle canopy（树冠）,Nalini wanted to climb high into the branches.Surely there were things to be learned in the treetops.She was told,however,that the science was on the ground,and that there was nothing worthwhile to learn high above her head.Fortunately,that didn’t stop her.Instead,she used her rock-climbing skills to safely explore the jungle treetops.There,she discovered an entire network of species unique to the canopy.It was a whole ecosystem that needed to be studied so scientists could gain a deeper understanding of the rainforest.

Dr.Nadkarni’s work has resulted in major discoveries,including the importance of canopy soil,which is created as mosses and other plants that live on tree branches rot.The soil is nutrient-rich,and entire ecosystems depend on it.Even the trees themselves grow roots out of their branches to take advantage of it! To create greater interest in canopy studies,she really got innovative.In the early 2000s,she began using a popular toy to inspire a new generation of forest scientists.She bought secondhand Barbie dolls and outfitted（装扮）them with climbing equipment and an educational booklet on forest ecology.Now,Dr.Nadkarni can truly consider her childhood promise well kept.

24.Why did Dr.Nadkarni climb trees during childhood?

A.To express her love of trees.

B.To provide protection for trees.

C.To observe the maple trees.

D.To enjoy her own space.

25.What did Dr.Nadkarni think of the canopy?

A.It was of great research significance.

B.It had been thoroughly researched.

C.It presented the same ecosystem.

D.It needed to be protected urgently.

26.Why does the author mention trees grow roots out of their branches?

A.To show a unique phenomenon to readers.

B.To inspire interest in canopy studies among children.

C.To stress that canopy soil is vital to the ecosystem.

D.To offer evidence that trees can take in nutrients in the air.

27.How did Dr.Nadkarni keep her childhood promise?

A.By attempting to make people interested in treetop studies.

B.By writing educational textbooks on forest ecology.

C.By donating climbing necessities to young forest scientists.

D.By investing on popular toys to promote forest protection.

【答案】24.D 25.A 26.C 27.A

【命题人解读】

命题人讲命题角度：

本文是一篇记叙文，主题语境为人与自然，涉及环境保护。记叙文阅读是高考阅读理解的常见体裁，人与自然的话题为高考高频话题。本语篇的预设难度为中等，4 道题的出题角度为2 道细节理解题和2 道推理判断题，目的是考查考生通过阅读文章获取某些细节信息并作出综合理解以及推断的能力。本题的难点以及易错点在于学生对于相应信息的理解是否正确。

试题分析：

【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了森林生态学家Nadkarni 博士在孩童时期就在树顶享受平静，长大以后成为森林生态学家，研究树冠生态，并且激励新一代科学家参与研究的故事。

24.D 细节理解题。

【解题思路】根据第一段“As a little girl,Nalini Nadkarni discovered one place she could always find quietness.She would climb up into the maple trees（枫树）around the suburban American home.”可知，Nadkarni 爬到树顶的目的是找寻安静，享受自己的空间，故选D。

25.A 推理判断题。

【解题思路】根据第二段第四句“Surely there were things to be learned in the treetops.”以及最后两句“There,she discovered an entire network of species unique to the canopy.It was a whole ecosystem that needed to be studied so scientists could gain a deeper understanding of the rainforest.”可知，Nadkarni 博士认为研究树顶非常有必要，故推知树顶有很高的研究价值，故选A。

26.C 推理判断题。

【解题思路】根据最后一段中的“Dr.Nadkarni’s work has resulted in major discoveries,including the importance of canopy soil”以及“The soil is nutrient-rich,and entire ecosystems depend on it.”可知，树木汲取冠层土当中的营养在枝条上生根，故推知冠层土对于生态系统非常重要，故选C。

27.A 细节理解题。

【解题思路】根据最后一段第四句“To create greater interest in canopy studies,she really got innovative.”可知，Nadkarni 博士用了很多有创意的方式让人们对树冠的相关研究更感兴趣，后面都是Nadkarni 博士为了这一目的所做的事，故选A。

本题所考查知识点的常见易错点列表：

本题异类延伸……