湖南

读后续写的评分标准中五档作文要求：与所给短文融洽度高，与所提供各段落开头语衔接合理。有效地使用了语句间的连接成分，使所续写短文结构紧凑。据此，广大教师可以从段落架构入手进行写作教学。为了架构出连贯、流畅的段落，我们在段落展开的过程中要注意使用四个衔接策略：阐明及重申，对比，比较，因果。这四个策略通过逻辑关系的衔接促进段落发展，从而达到段落通顺和统一的目的。《怦然心动》（Flipped）这本书讲述了其貌不扬的小女孩和帅气小男孩的恋爱故事，有同名电影帮助学生理解故事情节，词汇难度适中，学生易读懂。在阅读中，学生能体会文本内容的趣味性、逻辑的连贯性、段落的统一性。在潜移默化的熏陶中，学生能学会创建段落框架、在关键点安插标志词，输出逻辑合理、结构清晰的文段。

一、阐明及重申

要想将一个抽象概念印刻在读者心中，最直接的手段就是阐明及重申。阐明通常是用举例的方式将抽象概念具体化，形成例证关系。重申可以通过同、近义词的相互叠加，形成递进式关系，也可以通过使用下义词对概念进行阐明的方法，形成总分的逻辑关系。

1.阐明

Chapter 1:Juli Baker is the kind of annoying person who makes a point of letting you know she’s smart.Her hand is the first one up;her answers are usually complete dissertations;her projects are always turned in early and used as weapons against the rest of the class.Teachers always have to hold her project up and say,“This is what I’m looking for,class.This is an example of A-plus work.”

第一句为核心句，而后面的句子则通过实例使读者具体感受到了Juli Baker 的聪明以及惹人讨厌之处。

2.重申

（1）Chapter 1:She didn’t just barge into my life.She barged and shoved and wedged her way into my life.Did we invite her to get into our moving van and start climbing all over boxes? No! But that’s exactly what she did,taking over and showing off like only Juli Baker can.

（2）Chapter 2:It was her hair.She had mountains of it,twisted this way or that,clipped or beaded,braided or swirled.Her ponytails rivaled the ones on carousel horses.And on the days she let it all hang down,she’d sort of shimmy and cuddle inside it like it was a blanket,so that practically all you saw of her face was her nose.

（3）Chapter 5:Then she races across the street in a flood of tears....I’d never seen Juli cry before.Not when she’d broken her arm in P.E.,not when she’d been teased at school or ditched by her brothers.Not even when they’d cut down the sycamore tree.I’m pretty sure she cried then,but I didn’t actually see it.To me,Juli Baker had always been too tough to cry.

在以上例子中，例（1）属于递进式近义词重申，“barged and shoved and wedged”“taking over and showing off ”属于渐强的近义词，将男孩对女主人公厌弃的神情加强式地推到读者眼前。例（2）是下义词重申，为了说明女主人公头发的整体质感，作者从发量、编织样式、垂感、光泽度方面进行了下义描述，结构上呈总分模式，符合人的认知顺序。……