广西粮饲兼用型玉米研究进展及前景分析
2021-04-05林琼湘邹成林
林琼湘 邹成林

摘要:发展粮饲兼用型玉米产业具有较高的经济效益和社会效益,有利于优化玉米产业结构,有效解决口粮和饲料争地矛盾。文章通过查询相关文献资料,结合实地调研,概括近几年广西粮饲兼用型玉米研究进展情况,分析广西发展粮饲兼用型玉米产业具有的优势以及面临的困难,并结合实际情况提出广西发展粮饲兼用型玉米的建议,为广西发展粮饲兼用型玉米产业提供参考.
关键词:玉米;粮饲兼用;研究进展;前景分析
中图分类号:S513 文献标识号:A 文章编号:1003-4374( 2021) 06-0075-05
Research Progress and Prospect Analysis of Grain and Forage Concurrent Maize in Guangxi
Lin Qiong-xiang1, Zou Cheng-lin2*( I.Bureau of' Industry Information and Commerce of Du' an Yao Autonomous County, Hechi, Guangxi 530700. China: 2.Maize Research Insititute. Guangxi Academy of' Agricultural Sciences, Nanning,Guangxi 530007. China)
Abstract: Grain and forage concurrent maize had high economic benefits and social benefits.whichadjust and optimize the maize industrial structure and effectively solve the contradiction between rationand forage. By consulting relevant literature and comhining with field research, this paper summarizesthe research progress of' grain and forage conurrent maize in Cuangxi in recent years, analyzes theadvantages and difficulties of developing grain and forage concurrent maize industry in Guangxi, andputs forward some suggestions for the development of grain and forage concurrent maize in Guangxicomhined with the actual situation. so as to provide reference for the development of grain ancl forageconcurrent maize industry in Guangxi.
Keywords: maize, grain and forage concurrent, research progress, prospect analysis
粮饲兼用型玉米是介于普通玉米与专用饲料玉米间的一种中间型玉米,具有较高玉米籽粒产量,同时籽粒在成熟时整个植株仍保持青绿,茎叶绿色成分较高,叶片繁茂,可获得大量的秸秆,供畜禽用。[1.2]优质粮饲兼用型玉米品种可充分利用光热和土地资源,提高效益和土地资源利用率,粮、草、饲功能兼备,饲用营养成分丰富,效能和价值远远高于普通玉米和专用青贮玉米。[3]发展粮饲兼用型玉米是推进农业供给侧结构性改革、调整和优化农业生产结构、加快农业发展方式转变、推动种养关系调整的重要举措[4],既能解决国家粮食安全问题,又能实现饲料有效性供给。[5]
目前,国内非常重视对粮饲兼用型玉米品种的选育。在新疆、内蒙古、宁夏、山东和河南等地已经选育出很多适合当地种植的优良粮饲兼用型玉米品种,如“中单321”[6]、“农大108”[7]、“豫玉29号”[8]、“中原单32号”[9]、“屯玉168”[10]、“鲁单9088”[11]、“大京九23”、“新玉44”[12]和“伟科702”[13]等都是优质的粮饲兼用型玉米品种,它们的选育和大面积种植推广极大地推动了当地粮饲兼用型玉米产业的迅速发展。……
