郭昌永 陈渊 梁江 郭小红 韦清源 陈文杰 汤复跃

摘要：【目的】为给天峨县鲜食大豆品种的引进、生产和发展提供参考和理论依据。【方法】以引进的“浙鲜16”“浙鲜19”“苏鲜豆21号”“苏鲜豆22号”“南农46”“南农J4-3”“上海青…‘毛豆3号”共8个鲜食大豆品种为材料，研究其在天峨县种植的适应性表现。【结果】所有品种口感风味好，且能正常成熟收获种子;除“苏鲜豆21号”和“浙鲜19”采摘生育期过长外，其余参试品种采摘期适宜;“苏鲜豆22号”综合效益显著低于其它品种。【结论】综合评价筛选出适宜天峨县种植的品种有“浙鲜16”“毛豆3号”“南农46”“南农J4-3”“上海青”。

关键词：鲜食大豆;产量;适应性;品种;筛选

中图分类号：S565.1

文献标识号：A 文章编号：1003-4374（2021）06-0017-05

Evaluation of Adaptability of Different Fresh Vegetable Soybean Varieties in Tian' e County ，

Mountainous Area of Northwest Guangxi

Guo Chang-yongl ， Chen Yuan2 ， Liang Jiang2 ， Guo Xiao-hong2 ， Wei Qing-yuan- .

Chen Wen-jie2， Tang Fu-yue2'

（ I.Tian' e County Agricultural Technology Extension Station Hechi ， Guangxi 547300 . China：2.The Industrial Crop Institute ， Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences l Narnning Comprehensive

Station of Nation Soybean Industry Technology ， Nanning ， Guangxi 530007. China ）Abstract： [Objective] In order to provide reference and theoretical basis for the introduction，productionand development of vegetable soybean varieties in Tian'e County. [Method] The 8 introduction freshsoybean varieties including "Zhexian No.16" "Zhexian No.19" "Suxiandou No.21""Suxiandou No.22""Nannong No.46" "Nannong No.J4-3" "Shanghai Qing" "Maodou No.3"were used as materials to studytheir adaptability performance for planting in Tian'e County. [Result] The results showed that all thevarieties exhibited good taste and flavor.and could harvest seeds at maturity. All tested varieties had asuitable picking period except "Suxiandou No.21" and "Zhexian No.19" with long growth period. Thecomprehensive benefit of"Suxiandou No.22" is significantly lower than other varieties. [Conclusion]Comprehensive evaluation screened out "Zhexian No.16" "Maodou No.3" ， "Nannong No.46"， "NannongNo.J4-3" and "Shanghai Qing" were suitable for planting in Tian'e County.Keywords： fresh vegetable soybean， yield ， adaptation ， varieties. screen out

鮮食大豆（俗称菜用大豆）是指在R6（鼓粒期）至R7（初熟期）期间，采幼嫩荚果和豆粒而食用的专用型大豆品种。[1]鲜食大豆不仅具有生育期短、经济效益高，还富含植物蛋白、多种氨基酸、维生素、磷钙铁等矿质元素，卵磷脂和异黄酮等抗衰老功能因子，是种健康绿色的的保健食品。[2-5]随着人们生活水平的提高和饮食结构的调整，鲜食大豆以优良的鲜食品质和独特的风味深受人们欢迎，消量迅速增加。

天峨县位于广西壮族自治区西北部，红水河上游，属亚热带季风气候区，年平均气温20C，年平均日照时数为1281.9h，年降水量1370mm，无霜期达330d，得天独厚的地理环境条件适宜鲜食大豆生产。目前，广西针对鲜食大豆品种的引种、鉴定、评价和育种等方面研究很少[6.7]，天峨县鲜食大豆种植品种主要来源于当地白留种，存在品种杂、产量低、抗病虫性差、外观及口感不佳等突出问题。……