种植业污染原因分析与防控建议
2021-04-05朱小宁李广香张世联李旭林黄颖
朱小宁 李广香 张世联 李旭林 黄颖



摘要:种植业地膜覆盖残留、化肥农药过度施用等导致了土壤与农田小气候的环境污染,开展种植业污染源普查,对了解掌握污染源实况,达到化肥减量、农药施用零增长,有效地控制种植业污染源,保护耕地生态环境,保障农业生产稳步发展,具有重要意义。文章基于第二次全国污染源普查武宣县种植业污染源数据,解析武宣县种植业污染源原因和危害程度,提出加强防控种植业污染源的建议。
关键词:污染源;普查;原因;防控
中图分类号:X592 文献标识号:A 文章编号:1003-4374(2021)06-0070-05
Cause Analysis and Prevention and Control Suggestions of Pollution in Planting Industry: Based on the Survey Results of Pollution Sources of Planting Industry in Wuxuan County
Zhu Xiao-ning1, Li Guang-xiang2, Zhang Shi_lian2. Li Xu_lin2. Huang Ying3
( I.Wuxuan County Agricultural Technology Promotion Station. Laibin, Guangxi 545900. China:
2.Wuxuan County Plant Protection Station. Laibin, Guangxi 545900. China:
3.Wuxuan County Soil and Fertilizer Workstation. Laibin. Guangxi 545900. China)Abstract: During the planting industry, the excessive use of plastic film mulching residue, chemicalfertilizers and other reasons cause soil and farmland microclimate environment pollution. It is of greatsignificance to carry out the general survey of the pollution sources of planting industry, to understandthe actual situation of the pollution sources. to reduce the amount of chemical fertilizer. to achieve zerogrowth of pesticide application. to effectively control the pollution sources of planting industry, toprotect the ecological environment of cultivated land and to ensure the steady development ofagricultural production. Based on the data of the second national survey of pollution sources in WuxuanCounty, this paper analyzes the causes and harm degree of the pollution sources of the plantingindustry in Wuxuan County, and puts forward suggestions for strengthening the prevention and controlof the pollution sources.Keywords: pollution sources, general survey causes, prevention and control
1 武宣縣第二次种植业污染源普查概况
武宣县地处桂中区域,面积1739.45km2,人口46万人,有耕地59912.16hm2,园地3220.8lhm2。根据2017年9月10日国务院办公厅印发的《第二次全国污染源普查方案》和2018年7月20日自治区农业厅印发的《广西壮族自治区第二次全国农业污染源普查工作方案》,武宣县于2018年10月至2019年6月进行了种植业污染源普查工作。
武宣县第二次种植业污染源普查工作范围覆盖全县10个乡镇及广西农垦国有黔江农场。其中,典型地块调查了5个种植模式191户农户,地膜应用及污染源调查了全县10个乡镇及广西农垦国有黔江农场共11个单位、17个村民委124户农户,地膜原位监测点15个。普查的内容有:甘蔗、水稻、玉米、蔬菜、果树等作物的生产情况,包括播种的时间、耕作方式、灌溉方式、秸秆处理,施用肥料与农药的种类、时间、数量与方法,农地膜使用的方式、种类、数量、回收方式。按方案要求把数据录入APP。……
