蔡小琴 凌桂芝 石保峰 黄崇峻 沈方科 首安发 梁永进 黎晓峰

摘要：【目的】研究木耳菌渣對烟草生长、产量、品质和土壤理化性质的影响。【方法】采用大田试验方法，设对照组和试验组，对照组施用木耳菌渣ot/hm2，试验组施用木耳菌渣11.25t/hm2和15.OOt/hm2，测定和分析旺长期烟田土壤理化性质和烟叶旺长生长期养分、农艺性状、评吸质量、产量和品质，，【结果】两组试验组施用菌渣后，土壤有机质、碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾含量均有随着菌渣用量增加而呈现增加趋势;旺长期烟株叶数（16.9叶/株、17.0叶/株）高于对照;施用菌渣的烤烟中钾含量、氮碱比、糖氮比均较高，而烟碱、淀粉含量低于对照，且上等烟的比例及评吸质量也高于对照。但是施用15.OOt/hm2菌渣后，烤烟的杂气有所增加。【结论】施用木耳菌渣是提高烤烟产量和品质的有效途径之一，既能提高植烟土壤肥力，又能促进烟草生长;施用1 1.25t/hm2木耳菌渣比较合适。

关键词：木耳菌渣;烟草;产量;品质;土壤理化性质

中图分类号：S572 文献标识号：A 文章编号：1003-4374（ 2021）06-0033-05

Effect of Agaric Fungus Residue on the Growth， Yield and Quality of Flue-cured Tobacco

Cai Xiao-qinl， Ling Gui-zhi 1， Shi Bao-feng2， Huang Chong-jun3*，Shen Fang-kel， Shou An-fa2，

Liang Yong-jin3， Li Xiao-fengl

（1. College of Agriculture， Guangxi University， Nanning， Guangxi 530004， China：

2. Hezhou Branch of Guangxi Tobacco Company， Hezhou， Guangxi 542800. China：

3. China Tobacco Guangxi Industrial Co.， Ltd， Nanning， Guangxi 530001， China）Abstract：[ Ohjective]To study the effects of agaric f'ungus residue application on tobacco growth， yield.quality and soil physical and chemical properties.[Method]A field experiment was carried out to studythe effects.Ot/hm2 was applied the control group，11.25t/hm2 and 15.OOt/hm2 0f agaric f'ungus residuewere applied for the two experimental groups，the physical and chemical properties of tobacco field soilin vigorous period，nutrients in vigorous and growing period of tobacco leaves，agronomic characters.quality，yield and smoking quality of tobacco were determined and analyzed. [Result] The contents ofsoil organic matter.alkali -hydrolyzable nitrogen，availahle phosphorus and potassium in the twoexperimental groups increased with the increase of the amount of fungus residue： the numher of leaves（16.9.17.0 leaves/plant） of the plant in the vigorous period was higher than that of the control group.The potassium content， nitrogen-alkali ratio and sugar-nitrogen ratio of flue-cured tobacco were higher，while the nicotine and starch content were lower than the control group. Moreover，the proportion andsmoking quality of first-class tobacco were higher than those of the control without the application ofresidue. However.offensive odor in the tobacco smoke increased in the plant when applied 15.OOt/hm2residue.[ Conclusion ] Application of agaric fungus residue to tobacco is an effective way to improve soilfertility， promote tobacco growth and improve the yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco. It's suitahleto apply 11.25t/hm2 agaric fungus residue.Keywords： agaric fungus residue. tobacco， yield， quality， soil physical and chemical properties

我国是世界第一的食用菌生产大国，2015年我国食用菌产量达3476.15万吨[1]。食用菌生产过程中会产生大量的菌渣，处置不当会引起环境污染。木耳是一种重要的食用菌，木耳菌渣含丰富有机质和养分，具有农业利用的潜力。我国也是烟草生产大国，生产中面临着土壤肥力低下、土壤板结、烟草质量有待提升等问题。[2]因此，开展木耳菌渣在烟草上应用的研究对于改善烟草土壤环境、提高烟草产量产值和保护生态环境具有重要意义。……