APP下载

广西桑树春季低温寒冻害空间分布研究

2021-04-05汪仁军吴炫柯李娟

广西农学报 2021年6期

汪仁军 吴炫柯 李娟

摘要:春季低温寒冻害是影响广西桑树生产的主要农业气象灾害之一,分析广西春季桑树低温寒冻害发生频率以及空间分布,可为优化广西桑树产业布局提供科学的决策依据。利用广西91个国家级气象观测站1961-2016年2-4月的日平均气温气象资料,根据广西桑树低温寒冻害等级指标,计算出广西桑树(2-4月)低温寒冻害发生频率,基于SURFER技术获得桑树低温寒冻害空间分布图,划分出广西轻度低温寒冻害区、中度低温寒冻害区、重度低温寒冻害区,为指导广西桑蚕产业发展提供科学依据。

关键词:桑树;区划;低温寒冻害;分布

中图分类号:S888.74

文献标识号:A

文章编号:1003-4374(2021)06-0025-04 Study on Spatial Distribution of Spring Low Temperature and Freezing Injury of Mulberry in

Guangxi

Wang Ren-jun', Wu Xuan_ke2, Li Juanl

(1. Liuzhou Breeding Stock Farm. Liuzhou. Guangxi 545003, China;

2.Liuzhou Agricultural Meteorological Experimental Station. Liuzhou, Guangxi 545003, China)Abstract: Low temperature and freezing injury in spring is one of the main agricultural meteorologicaldisasters affecting mulberry production in Guangxi. Analyzing the occurrence frequency and spatialdistribution of low temperature and freezing injury in spring of mulberry in Guangxi can provide scientificdecision-making basis for optimizing mulberry industry lavout in Guangxi. Based on the daily averagetemperature meteorological data from February to April during 1961-2016 0f 91 national meteorologicalobservation stations in Guangxi, the occurrence frequency of mulberry freezing damage in Guangxi( February to April) was calculated according to the level index of' mulberry freezing damage in Guangxi.The spatial distribution map of mulberry freezing damage was obtained based on SURFER technology, andthe light freezing damage area, moderate freezing damage area and severe freezing damage area in Guangxiwere divided to guide the development of silkworm industry in Guangxi and provide scientific basis.Keywords: mulberry, regionalization, low temperature and freezing injury, distrihution

国家实施“东桑西移”战略以来,广西大力推动蚕桑产业实现了跨越式发展,蚕茧产量连续16年居全国第一,占全国50%左右,蚕桑生产覆盖86个县(市、区)、615个镇(乡)、5336个村、82.10万农户,涉及从业人员约370万人。但近10多年来,由于全球气候变暖加剧,极端天气频发,桑树极端低温受害概率增加,特别是2008年受到强冷空气影响,气温持续偏低,广西桑树的种植区均受到低温寒冻害侵袭[1.2],生长受到不同程度的影响,特别是桂南、桂中地区的桑树,2~4月正值发芽长梢阶段,由于受低温冷冻危害,嫩叶、新芽受到损伤,出现严重的全株幼叶幼芽萎凋[3-5],影响蚕茧产量和质量[q。因此有必要研究广西春季桑树低温寒冻害空间分布,了解各地发生春季桑树低温寒冻害发生频率,指导广西桑蚕叶生产。

前人的研究主要集中在桑树品种抗寒比较以及低温冷害下桑树体内的生理生化指标的变化[7-9],对于广西桑树产区春季低温冷害空间分布的研究尚未见有报道。……

登录APP查看全文