大蒜中超氧化物歧化酶提取方法研究
2021-03-30冯伟冯雅琪徐晶雪
冯伟 冯雅琪 徐晶雪



摘 要:以大蒜为试验材料,分别采用磷酸缓冲液提取法、热变性法对其细胞溶质中的超氧化物歧化酶进行提取分离,然后再利用硫酸铵分级盐析法对经热变性和缓冲液抽提所获得的SOD粗提液进行纯化,配合透析除去残留的小分子物质,最后通过测得的SOD酶活力的大小判断提取大蒜SOD的最佳方法,并通过对2种方法中不同参数的优化,找出最佳提取条件。结果表明:热变性法粗提大蒜SOD,透析法配合硫酸铵分级盐析法纯化SOD为最理想的提纯方法。其中热变性法最适温度为60℃,磷酸缓冲液浸提法合适的缓冲液pH值为7.8。
关键词:大蒜;SOD;提取;纯化
中图分类号 S633.4;Q55文献标识码 A文章编号 1007-7731(2021)05-0019-03
Abstract: With garlic as experiment material, adopt the phosphate buffer extraction, thermal denaturation of the extraction and separation of the superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the cytosol, and recycled ammonium sulfate salting out method of the thermal denaturation and buffer extraction of crude extract SOD received by purification, cooperate with dialysis to remove residues of small molecules, at last, through the size of the measured SOD enzyme activity, it is concluded that the best way to extract of garlic SOD, and through the optimization of different parameters in two ways, find out the best extraction conditions. The results showed that thermal denaturation method to extract SOD from garlic and dialysis method combined with ammonium sulfate fractional salting out method to purify SOD were the most ideal purification methods, and the optimal temperature of thermal denaturation method was 60℃. The appropriate buffer pH value in the phosphoric acid buffer leaching method is 7.8.
Key words:Garlic; SOD; Extraction; Purification
超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase),简称SOD,为生物氧化酶类的重要成员,有“生物体抗氧化系統的第一道防线”之称。SOD由蛋白质和不同的金属辅基组成,广泛存在于微生物以及动物、植物体内,能催化超氧阴离子发生歧化反应,属于金属酶。根据SOD所含金属辅基的不同,目前世界上发现的大多数SOD大致可分为3类,分别为Mn-SOD、Cu/Zn-SOD和Fe-SOD[1]。其中,植物体内含量最为丰富的一类SOD是Cu/Zn-SOD,本研究中的大蒜SOD就属于这一类。
SOD可有效防止机体内氧自由基的损害,避免皮肤受到电离辐射的损伤,可消除体内由于生化代谢产生的超氧阴离子自由基,能有效防止皮肤衰老,同时还有祛斑、抗皱的功效[5]。在医学领域,SOD主要用于治疗如心肌缺血与缺血再灌注综合症、炎症、肿瘤以及一些自身免疫性疾病等因超氧阴离子伤害引起的疾病。……
