肖瑢 潘伟光

摘 要：随着近些年生态文明建设在农业领域的不断深入，农业的绿色生产经营成为现代农业发展的趋势。基于此，从农户绿色生产行为对农户农业收入的影响着手，以浙江省301户农户为例进行OLS实证分析，探讨绿色生产与农业增收的因果关系，并采用2SLS法处理其中反向因果关系的内生性问题。研究表明，绿色生产行为能够促进农业增收，提出从打造绿色产业链、建立农产品质量评级体系和加强绿色生产宣传等方面鼓励绿色生产行为，促进农民增收。

关键词：绿色生产行为;农业收入;反向因果关系;OLS估计;2SLS法

中图分类号：F 321.42 文献标志码：A 文章编号：0253-2301（2021）01-0045-06

DOI：10.13651/j.cnki.fjnykj.2021.01.008

Abstract：With the deepening of ecological civilization construction in agriculture in recent years， the green production and management of agriculture has become the trend of the development of modern agriculture. Based on this， starting from the impact of green production behavior of peasant households on their agricultural income， the OLS empirical analysis was conducted by taking 301 peasant households in Zhejiang Province as an example to discuss the causal relationship between green production and the growth of agricultural income， and 2SLS method was adopted to deal with the endogenous problem of the reverse causality. The research showed that the green production behavior could promote the growth of agricultural income， and it was proposed to encourage the green production behavior from the aspects of building the green industrial chain， establishing the quality rating system of agricultural products and strengthening the publicity of green production， thus to promote the growth of farmers′ income.

Key words：Green production behavior; Agricultural income; Reverse causality; OLS estimate; 2SLS method

“三农”问题是全党工作的重中之重，也是我国步入新时代建设社会主义现代化强国的首要问题。而农民增收又是“三农”核心问题[1-3]。自改革开放以来，我国农民总体收入虽然已经有了一定程度的提高，但自1997年开始，农业收入增长率明显低于农民收入增长率，农业收入对农民收入增长的贡献率总体呈现下降趋势[4-5]，农民对农业生产和土地的依赖性不断减弱，兼业化现象严重。因此，提高农民农业收入增长率，增加农民收入是当前“三农”面临的现实问题。

农户绿色生产行为对其收入具有重要影响。农户绿色生产行为对农业收入的影响是多方面的。一方面，农户的绿色生产行为可能会降低农产品的产量或提高农作物的种植成本，在一定程度上降低农户的农业收入[6];另一方面，农户的绿色生产行为可以提高农产品质量，高质量的农产品往往价格更高[7-8]，进而促进农户农业增收;除此之外，所处市场阶段也会影响农户绿色生产行为对农户农业收入的影响情况。……