夏朝水 江斌 邓永生 陈玮婷 曹奕鸯

摘 要：利用ISSR技术对35份福建主栽非洲菊资源进行遗传多样性分析。从100条ISSR引物中筛选出多态性好的15条随机引物，分别对35份非洲菊资源基因组DNA进行扩增，共扩增得到78条清晰可辨条带，其中多态性条带70条，多态位点百分比达89.7%。利用DPS软件统计分析，结果表明，各品种间的遗传相似系数介于0.2968～0.7500，当阈值为0.4200时，可将35个非洲菊分成4类。当遗传相似系数为0.4914时，第I类非洲菊又可分为4个亚类。聚类结果表明，花心颜色和重瓣类型可以作为非洲菊亲缘关系分类的一种依据，同一搜集来源的品种有聚类到一起的趋势，这与农艺性状的聚类结果有一定的对应关系。

关键词：非洲菊;种质资源;简单重复序列间扩增;遗传多样性

中图分类号：S 682.1 文献标志码：A 文章编号：0253-2301（2021）01-0009-06

DOI：10.13651/j.cnki.fjnykj.2021.01.002

Abstract：Genetic diversity of 35 major cultivars of Gerbera jamesonii Bolus in Fujian was analyzed by ISSR technology. 15 random primers with good polymorphism were selected from 100 ISSR primers， and were amplified on the genomic DNA of 35 Gerbera jamesonii Bolus. A total of 78 clear and distinguishable bands were obtained， of which 70 were of polymorphism， and the percentage of polymorphic sites reached 89.7%. The DPS software was used for the statistical analysis， and the results showed that the genetic similarity coefficients among the varieties ranged from 0.2968 to 0.7500. When the threshold value was 0.4200， the 35 Gerbera jamesonii Bolus could be divided into four categories. When the genetic similarity coefficient was 0.4914， the Class I Gerbera jamesonii Bolus could be further divided into four subclasses. The clustering results showed that the color of flower heart and the type of double petals could be used as a basis for the classification of genetic relationship of Gerbera jamesonii Bolus， and the varieties from the same source tended to cluster together， which had a certain corresponding relationship with the clustering results of agronomic traits.

Key words：Gerbera jamesonii Bolus; Germplasm resources; ISSR（inter-simple sequence repeat）; Genetic diversity

非洲菊Gerbera jamesonii Bolus，又名扶郎花、太陽花，为菊科大丁草属多年生宿根草本花卉，是世界五大鲜切花之一，在国内外市场上非常畅销，备受消费者的青睐[1-3]。福建主栽非洲菊品种大多从外地引进，经常由于对品种习性不甚了解，或者品种已经开始退化，盲目引种导致巨大的经济损失。因此，采取各种育种技术方式，及早培育出具有自主知识产权新品种（系）非常必要。为培育超亲性状的非洲菊新品种，需分析亲本资源的亲缘关系才能更好地配置杂交组合，而分子标记目前广泛用于种质资源亲缘关系及遗传多样性分析，因此，利用分子标记辅助育种技术分析非洲菊品种资源之间的亲缘关系可为非洲菊遗传改良提供更快速、可靠、稳定的辅助选择手段。……