陈国洋 张秀华

摘 要：主要通过数理统计法、录像分析法对2019年篮球世界杯中国男篮与前四强快攻防守效果进行比较分析。结论：1）中国队在快攻发动阶段的防守次数与防守率均显著高于前四强，但在防守成功率方面并无显著差异;2）中国队在快攻推进阶段的防守次数、防守成功次数方面显著低于前四强，在防守率、防守成功率方面非常显著地低于前四强;3）中国队在快攻结束阶段的防守率显著低于前四强，但防守成功率并无显著差异。建议：1）中国队需放弃快攻发动阶段效率不高的防守;2）中国队需提高快攻推进阶段的防守率、防守成功率;3）中国队需提高快攻结束阶段的防守率。

关键词：篮球世界杯;防守快攻;防守率;防守成功率

中图分类号：G841 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1009-9840（2021）01-0048-07

Abstract：The mathematical statistic method and video analysis method are used to compare and analyze the defensive effect of the 2019 Basketball World Cup Chinese men's basketball team and the top four fast-breakers. Conclusions： 1） The Chinese team's defensive times and defensive rate during the fast-off attack phase are significantly higher than the top four， but there is no significant difference in defensive success rate; 2） The Chinese team's defensive times and defensive success during the fast-off push phase are significantly lower than the top four， and the defense rate and defensive success rate are significantly lower than the top four; 3） The defense rate of the Chinese team at the end of the fast break is significantly lower than the top four， but there is no significant difference in defensive success rate. Suggestions： 1） The Chinese team needs to abandon the inefficient defense during the fast attack launch phase; 2） The Chinese team needs to increase the defensive rate and defensive success rate during the fast-off promotion phase; 3） The Chinese team needs to increase the defensive rate during the fast-off phase.

Key words：Basketball World Cup; defensive fast-break; defense rate; defensive success rate

20世紀90年代以来，世界篮球运动在技战术不断发展、规则不断修订以及运动员身体条件不断提高等因素的影响下，更为注重比赛的攻防转换速度，在高强度和高速度的比赛抗衡中，更强调以速度争取主动，重视增加快速进攻次数，增加快攻成功率。快攻已经成为现代世界篮球强队进攻的首选战术，也是采用最多的战术之一[1]。速度篮球是当今世界篮球发展趋势中最具代表性的特点之一[2]。取得更大的速度优势是篮球运动的发展趋势，而快攻是将取得的速度优势充分发挥出来的一种进攻方式，那么在今后无论是中国队还世界篮球强队都必须要思考如何阻止对手取得更大的速度优势以及如何阻止对手的快攻。……