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浅析绝缘栅增强型场效应管沟道类型和工作区类型的判别

2021-03-28曹燕冉婷初广前

科技资讯 2021年2期

曹燕 冉婷 初广前

摘  要:模拟电子技术基础是电气类、自动化类、电子通信类专业的专业基础课,在教学过程中,学生普遍反映场效应管这部分知识比较难学,根据多年的教学积累,笔者归纳总结了绝缘栅增强型场效应管沟道类型和工作区域的判别规则。根据已给的开启电压或夹断电压,还有栅极、漏极和源极电压,通过场效应管的转移特性曲线和输出特性曲线,即可得到判别结果。实践证明,该判决规则行之有效,解決了学生学习中的难题。

关键词:绝缘栅  增强型场效应管  沟道类型  工作区类型

Abstract: The foundation of analog electronic technology is a professional basic course for electrical, automation, and electronic communication majors. During the teaching process, students generally report that the knowledge of field effect transistors is difficult to learn. Based on years of teaching accumulation, the author summarizes the distinguish rules of the insulation barrier reinforcement field effect transistor for channel type and working area type. According to the given turn-on voltage or pinch-off voltage, as well as the gate, drain and source voltages, through the transfer characteristic curve and output characteristic curve of the field effect transistor, the judgment result can be obtained. Practice has proved that the judgment rule is effective and it solves the problems in students' learning.

Key Words: Insulation gate; Enhanced field effect transistor; Channel type; Work area type

场效应管是利用输入回路的电场效应来控制输出回路电流的一种半导体器件。由于它仅靠半导体中的多数载流子导电,又称单极型晶体管。场效应管不但具备双极型晶体管体积小、重量轻、寿命长等优点,而且输入回路的内阻高,噪声低、热稳定性好、抗辐射能力强,且比双极型晶体管耗电省。

场效晶体管按结构的不同可分为结型场效晶体管和绝缘栅场效晶体管,绝缘栅场效晶体管根据工作状态不同分为增强型与耗尽型两类,每类又有N沟道和P沟道之分,该文仅讨论绝缘栅增强型场效晶体管的沟道类型和工作区类型的判别。

1  绝缘栅增强型场效应管的结构及电路符号

绝缘栅增强型场效应管的结构示意图如图1所示。在图1(a)中,用一块杂质浓度较低的P型薄硅片作为衬底,其上扩散两个相距很近的高掺杂 型区,并在硅片表面生成一层薄薄的二氧化硅绝缘层。……

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