脱胶条件对茧层丝胶蛋白性质的影响
2021-03-28彭若铉黄添就钟杨生何镜新林健荣陈芳艳
彭若铉 黄添就 钟杨生 何镜新 林健荣 陈芳艳



摘要: 为了探讨脱胶条件对茧层丝胶蛋白性质的影响,文章以水为溶剂,在不同的温度、时间和浴比条件下进行脱胶实验。结果表明:温度、时间和浴比均对丝胶蛋白的性质产生显著影响。在100 ℃脱胶,3 h内丝胶的质量浓度和相对黏度均显著增加,3 h后变化不大;在浴比2.5~15 (g︰100 mL)内,丝胶的质量浓度呈直线上升的趋势显著增加,而在浴比达到7.5 (g︰100 mL)后,相对黏度才显著上升。丝胶质量浓度在70 ℃已开始显著增加,而相对黏度高于100 ℃才显著增加。温度越高,浴比越大,越有利于凝胶的形成。
关键词: 桑蚕茧层;脱胶条件;丝胶溶液;质量浓度;相对黏度;胶凝效果
Abstract: To study the influence of degumming conditions on some properties of cocoon layer sericin, water was used as solvent to separate sericin from cocoon layer under different temperatures, time and bath ratios. The results showed that temperature, time and bath ratio all had a significantly impact on the properties of sericin protein. When degumming at 100 ℃, the mass concentration and relative viscosity of sericin grew significantly within 3 h, but changed little after 3 h; When the bath ratio was 2.5~15 (g︰100 mL), the mass concentration of sericin grew significantly perpendicularly, when the bath ratio reached 7.5 (g︰100 mL), the relative viscosity increased significantly. The mass concentration of sericin began to increase dramatically at 70 ℃, while relative viscosity didnt increase dramatically until 100 ℃. The higher temperature and the greater bath ratio, the more easily the gel formed.
Key words: silkworm cocoon layer; degumming conditions; sericin solution; mass concentration; relative viscosity; gelling effect
丝胶包围在丝素的外面,约占茧层质量的25%,对丝素起保护作用[1-2]。近年来,随着生物医学的迅速发展,丝胶的性质和功能越来越受到关注。丝胶易溶于水,便于加工利用,有良好的吸湿性[3],成膜性[4],并且无毒、低(无)免疫原性[5-6],具有促进细胞增殖能力[7]及抗菌[8]、抗酪氨酸酶和抗凝血[9]、抗癌[10]等功能特性,因而在药物载体、伤口敷料和组织工程中具有广阔的应用前景[11]。用再生桑蚕丝蛋白水凝胶负载小牛软骨细胞后,不仅能促进软骨细胞的增殖和分化,而且物理化学和力学性能、可降解性和免疫原性均较琼脂糖等材料优秀[12-14]。在丝素溶液中添加丝胶比例越高,制备的3D海绵杨氏模量就越高,应变和应力也越好,相比于不添加丝胶的对照更有利于成骨细胞的生长,且不会产生炎症反应[15]。丝胶可显著降低2型糖尿病小鼠空腹血糖值,同时降低空腹血浆胰岛素水平和糖基化血清蛋白水平;改善口服葡萄糖耐量和胰岛素耐量,并增强抗氧化活性[16]。……
