新生儿早期肺出血危险因素的临床分析
2021-03-27冯丽梅钟日荣
冯丽梅 钟日荣


【摘要】 目的:探讨新生儿早期肺出血(early pulmonary hemorrhage, EPH)的危险因素,以期早期识别及预防新生儿EPH。方法:回顾性分析2015年5月-2020年10月收治的30例出生后7 d内发生新生儿肺出血(neonatal pulmonary hemorrhage, NPH)患儿的临床资料(肺出血组),并选取同期住院未发生NPH的患儿60例为非肺出血组。比较两组的临床资料,采用多因素logistic回归分析与新生儿EPH相关的危險因素。结果:单因素分析结果显示,两组生后1、5 min Apgar评分、血气pH、出生体重<1 500 g、动脉导管未闭(PDA)、窒息、早发败血症(EOS)、感染性肺炎、新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征(NRDS)、其他脏器出血、弥散性血管内凝血(DIC)、使用肺表面活性物质(PS)和机械通气的比例比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素logistic回归结果显示合并PDA、感染性肺炎、EOS、窒息均为新生儿EPH的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论:EPH的主要危险因素可能是PDA、感染性肺炎、EOS、窒息。因此,针对这些危险因素,采取有效措施可望预防EPH的发生及提高EPH的抢救成功率。
【关键词】 早期肺出血 危险因素 新生儿 多因素logistic回归模型
[Abstract] Objective: To investigate the risk factors of early pulmonary hemorrhage (EPH) in neonates, with a view to early identification and prevention of neonatal EPH. Method: The clinical data of 30 cases of neonatal pulmonary hemorrhage (NPH) in our hospital from May 2015 to October 2020 were retrospectively analyzed (pulmonary hemorrhage group), 60 children without NPH were selected as non pulmonary hemorrhage group. The clinical data of two groups were compared, and the risk factors associated with neonatal EPH were analyzed by multivariate logistic regression. Result: Univariate analysis showed that Apgar score at 1 and 5 min after birth, blood gas pH, the proportion of birth weight <1 500 g, patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), asphyxia, early-onset sepsis (EOS), infectious pneumonia, neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS), bleeding of other organs, disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), the use of pulmonary surfactant (PS) and mechanical ventilation were compared between the two groups, the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression showed that PDA, infectious pneumonia, EOS and asphyxia were independent risk factors for neonatal EPH (P<0.05). Conclusion: The main risk factors for EPH may be PDA, infectious pneumonia, EOS, asphyxia. Therefore, effective measures against these risk factors are expected to prevent the occurrence of EPH and improve the success rate of rescue of EPH.
[Key words] Early pulmonary hemorrhage Risk factor Neonate Multivariate logistic regression model
First-authors address: Fujian Provincial Hospital Jinshan Branch, Fuzhou 350008, China
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-4985.2021.18.031
新生儿肺出血(neonatal pulmonary hemorrhage, NPH)是新生儿严重的并发症,尤其是早产儿[1-2]。早期肺出血(early pulmonary hemorrhage, EPH)是指出生7 d内发生的肺出血[3],由于NPH缺乏特异的诊断方法,病情变化快,发现患儿口鼻流出或气道涌出血性液体时,NPH已发展至原发病较晚阶段。EPH与NPH的危险因素并不完全一致,而目前国内外关于EPH的研究较少。为此,本研究旨在探讨新生儿EPH的危险因素,以期早期识别及预防EPH,为抢救患儿争取更多时间,从而降低新生儿死亡率。现报道如下。
1 资料与方法
1.1 一般资料 回顾性分析2015年5月-2020年10月本院收治的30例生后7 d内发生NPH的患儿的临床资料,同时采用1︰2配比随机抽取同期住院的非肺出血新生儿60例为非肺出血组。……
