章学勤　徐林

【摘要】 随着时代与科技的进步，前交叉韧带损伤发生率越来越高，但其漏诊与误诊率仍较高，临床上对前交叉韧带损伤的诊断主要检查方式为磁共振成像。为提高其诊断准确性，人们不断改进磁共振影像设备及其对前交叉韧带损伤的诊断方法，使其对前交叉韧带的显影越来越清晰。因此其对于前交叉韧带损伤的诊断准确度不断提高，磁共振在前交叉韧带损伤中的应用越来越广泛。本研究通过查阅大量磁共振在前交叉韧带损伤中应用的相关文献，对近些年磁共振在前交叉韧带中的诊断标准、诊断的新方法以及在前交叉韧带损伤术后的应用进行综述。

【关键词】 前交叉韧带损伤 磁共振 诊断标准

Application of Magnetic Resonance in Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury/ZHANG Xueqin， XU Lin. //Medical Innovation of China， 2021， 18（36）： -174

[Abstract] With the era and the progress of science and technology， higher and higher incidence of anterior cruciate ligament injury， but the missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis rate is higher， magnetic resonance imaging is the main examination method for the diagnosis of anterior cruciate ligament injury. In order to improve its diagnostic accuracy， people continue to improve magnetic resonance imaging equipment and its diagnostic methods for anterior cruciate ligament injury， so that its development of anterior cruciate ligament is more and more clear. Therefore， its diagnostic accuracy for anterior cruciate ligament injury is continuously improved， and magnetic resonance is more and more widely used in anterior cruciate ligament injury. By consulting a large number of relevant literatures on the application of MRI in anterior cruciate ligament injury， this study reviewed the diagnostic criteria， new diagnostic methods and postoperative application of MRI in anterior cruciate ligament injury in recent years.

[Key words] Anterior cruciate ligament injury Magnetic resonance Diagnostic criteria

First-author’s address： Binzhou Medical College， Shandong Province， Yantai 264003， China

doi：10.3969/j.issn.1674-4985.2021.36.041

前交叉韧带起点于股骨外侧髁内面后部，从髁间窝穿过，向前、下、内斜行后终止于胫骨髁间隆起前方，其平均长度31～38 mm，平均相交表面面积在女性中为36 mm2，在男性中为44 mm2[1]。分成前内侧束、中间束和后外侧束。前内侧束在屈曲时被拉伸，主要防止前后移位，后外侧束在伸直时被拉伸，防止膝关节旋转不稳定，其在膝关节的运动中协同工作。中间束支持前内侧束和后外側束，在该协同运动中抵抗旋转力[2]。前交叉韧带损伤在日常生活中较为常见，主要由膝关节受到暴力外翻或外旋引起，如运动时中上肢带动髋部及大腿过度旋转、膝关节过伸等[3]。前交叉韧带损伤的同时往往伴随半月板、软骨和其他韧带的损伤，且损伤后膝关节不稳定，活动功能受限，易继发骨性关节炎。……