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复杂浅埋地铁隧道微震爆破精细设计与控制研究

2021-03-22王峰

河南科技 2021年25期

王峰

摘 要:近些年,我国隧道建设进入高速发展阶段,其中浅埋隧道路段的开挖一直是个技术难题。虽然近些年我国对于浅埋隧道开挖技术有了进一步研究,但是与世界先进技术还有一定差距。隧道是我国目前主要的交通运输方式之一,关系着我国的经济命脉,尤其是城市地铁隧道有着其他运输工具不可替代的作用。本文基于微震爆破技术进行地铁隧道开挖研究,以期对该项技术的特点及控制要点有更加深刻的认识,从而为相关的地铁浅埋段施工提供有价值和有建设性的参考建议。

关键词:抗震性能;浅埋隧道;爆破施工

中图分类号:U455.4 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1003-5168(2021)25-0097-04

Study on Fine Design and Control of Microseismic Blasting in Complex Shallow Geological Tunnel

WANG Feng

(China Railway Tunnel Co., Ltd., Zhengzhou Henan 450000)

Abstract: In recent years, China's tunnel construction has entered the stage of vapid development, and the excavation of shallow tunnel section has always been a technical problem. Although there has been further research on Shallow Tunnel Excavation Technology in recent years, there is still a certain gap with the world's advanced technology. Tunnel is one of the main modes of transportation in China. It is related to the economic lifeline of our country and plays an irreplaceable role in other means of transportation. In this paper, tunnel excavation is carried out based on microseismic blasting technology. Through the research and analysis of microseismic blasting technology in shallow tunnel, we have a deeper understanding of the characteristics and control points of this technology, and provide constructive suggestions for the construction of using this technology.

Keywords: seismic performance;shallow buried tunnel;blasting construction

以某地区浅埋地铁隧道的建设为例,其主要穿越的地层为云母片石区域,地质构造复杂,裂隙断裂带较为发育,上部为浅埋地层。对于该区域岩层开挖,采用常规爆破施工会影响上部稳定和安全,同时爆破作业会对岩层的节理造成影响。浅埋地铁隧道所处区域不同,地质情况也不相同。对于要求较高的地铁开挖施工,爆破作业需要更加精确,要求考虑围岩的差异性对爆破施工的影响。微差爆破具有明显的优势,对于地铁开挖作业来说,安全性高,开挖尺寸可控,对周边地质情况影响较小。

本工程由于岩层风化较为发育,地铁隧道浅埋段受到地下水和降雨量的影响,出现了渗水和滴水现象,在施工中需要严格控制开挖进尺,并及时采取有效的措施进行支护。……

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