水稻秸秆还田对小麦化感作用研究进展
2021-03-18李波石晓旭刘建薛亚光石吕魏亚凤
李波 石晓旭 刘建 薛亚光 石吕 魏亚凤
摘要 稻麦两熟是我国面积最大种植方式,水稻秸秆还田是一种便捷的秸秆利用方式。秸秆还田后在雨露水浸提以及自身腐解释放化感物质会对周围作物产生化感作用。为了给水稻秸秆还田相关研究提供参考,介绍了近年来水稻秸秆对小麦化感作用研究进展,从秸秆还田化感物质释放方式、秸秆中化感物质分离鉴定、水稻秸秆主要化感物质、水稻秸秆还田对小麦种子萌发和幼苗生长化感效应、水稻秸秆还田对小麦中后期影响等方面阐述了研究进展,并对水稻秸秆还田化感作用研究进行了展望。
关键词 小麦;水稻;秸秆还田;化感作用
中图分类号 S512.1 文献标识码 A
文章编号 0517-6611(2021)04-0026-03
doi:10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2021.04.007
Research Advances in Allelopathic Effects of Rice Straw on Wheat
LI Bo,SHI Xiao-xu,LIU Jian et al (Institute of Agricultural Science Research in the Yangtze River in Jiangsu,Nantong,Jiangsu 226541)
Abstract Rice and wheat double cropping is the largest planting method in China,and returning rice straw to the field is a convenient way to use straw.After returning straw to the field,the allelopathic substances released by soaking in rain and dew water and their own decomposition will produce allelopathic effects on the surrounding crops.In order to provide references for the research of rice straw returning to the field,we introduced the research progress of rice straw on wheat allelopathy in recent years,from the aspects of the release mode of straw returning to the field,the separation and identification of allelopathic substances in straw,the main allelopathic substances of rice straw returning to the field,the allelopathic effects of rice straw returning to the field on wheat seed germination and seedling growth,and the influence of rice straw returning to the field on the middle and late stage of wheat.Finally,we forecasted the researches on allelopathic effects of rice straw returning to the field.
Key words Wheat;Rice;Straw returning;Allelopathy
基金項目 江苏省333科研项目(BRA2019203);南通市基础研究计划项目(JC2018074)。
作者简介 李波(1982—),男,江苏泰兴人,助理研究员,硕士,从事作物栽培研究。
收稿日期 2020-06-21
稻麦两熟区是我国粮食作物主产区,年产水稻秸秆约9 750.5万t,水稻秸秆富含作物生长必需的碳、氮、磷、钾等营养元素,是重要的有机肥源之一[1-2],秸秆还田是一种最便捷、最环保的秸秆利用方式,也是保护生态环境、促进农业可持续发展不可替代的重要措施[3]。稻秸还田的研究始于20世纪70—80年代,发展于90年代。综合国内外的研究结果显示,稻秸还田相关研究主要集中在土壤环境、作物生长以及温室气体等方面。目前,大部分研究表明,稻秸还田有利于改善土壤理化性状、增加土壤有效养分[4]。长期连续稻秸还田有助于提高玉米、小麦、油菜产量[5-6]。……
