武田艳，陈震，夏清涛

摘要：社区公共体育设施适老性配置是积极应对人口老龄化和实现老年人健康公平的重要保障。从健康老龄化视角出发，基于多源大数据和ArcGIS空间分析技术，以浦东新区老年人口密度较大的14个街道（镇）为研究区域，从空间可达性（点）、供需匹配（量）和服务均等性（质）三个方面，展开社区公共体育设施适老性配置评价。结果表明：各街道（镇）社区公共体育设施对老年人口的服务覆盖水平差异显著;较高的设施服务覆盖水平是保证供需关系稳定的必要条件;整个研究区域的社区体育设施在分配上对老年人有所倾斜，但各街道（镇）内部存在“空间失配”的情况;空间可达性、供需匹配和服务均等性任何一方面存在短板，均会造成社区公共体育设施适老性配置失衡。推进了“适老性”概念在公共体育设施在空间配置中的应用，为社区公共体育设施适老性建设及布局优化提供了依据。

关键词：健康老龄化;社区公共体育设施;适老性;配置评价

中图分类号：G80-051文献标识码：A文章编号：1006-2076（2021）06-0001-07

Evaluation on the level of fitness allocation of community public sports facilities from the perspective of healthy aging

WU Tianyan， CHEN Zhen， XIA Qingtao

Shanghai Institute of Technology， Shanghai 201418， China

Abstract：The appropriate allocation of community public sports facilities is an important guarantee to actively deal with population aging and realize the health equity of the elderly. From the perspective of healthy aging， based on multi-source big data and ArcGIS spatial analysis technology， this paper takes 14 streets （towns） with large elderly population density in Pudong as the research area， and carries out the evaluation of the aging suitability of community public sports facilities from three aspects： spatial accessibility （point）， supply and demand matching （quantity） and service equality （quality）. The results show that there are significant differences in the service coverage level of community public sports facilities to the elderly population in each street （town）; A high level of facility service coverage is a necessary condition to ensure the stability of supply-demand relationship; The distribution of community sports facilities in the whole study area is inclined to the elderly， but there is a "space mismatch" in each street （town）; There are shortcomings in space accessibility， supply and demand matching and service equality， which will lead to the imbalance of the aging allocation of community public sports facilities. This study promotes the application of the concept of "fitness for the elderly" in the spatial allocation of public sports facilities， and provides a basis for the construction and layout optimization of community public sports facilities.

Key words：health aging; community public sports facilities; fitness for the elderly; configuration evaluation

人口老齡化牵动全局，关系国计民生，是影响民族兴衰和国家长治久安的基本国情。第七次全国人口普查数据显示，截至2020年11月，我国60岁及以上老年人口为2.64亿人，占总人口的18.70%。据预测，我国老年人口规模将在“十四五”期间突破3亿，迈入中度老龄化阶段。为应对日益严峻的人口老龄化问题，党的十九届五中全会将积极应对老龄化上升为国家战略，大力推进健康老龄化方案本土化发展，鼓励适老健康支持环境建设。……