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丹麦微型出版社的运营特色与实践创新策略

2021-03-15徐迪

出版科学 2021年1期

徐迪

[摘 要] 网络资讯的发达,电子读物的兴起,对出版行业造成持续冲击,微型出版社因体量小、抗压弱,往往是最易受创的对象。但丹麦的微型出版社在面临生存挑战的同时,却能实现逆势上扬,成为各国效仿的典范。本文从规模定义、出版偏好和本土面向三个层面出发,介绍丹麦微型出版社的基本现状,并在此基础上,总结非营利导向、集体式出版、替代性经营、多样性政策和同盟化组织五个方面的独有特色,推介丹麦微型出版社的运营特色与实践创新策略,以期为我国出版业的长足发展提供借鉴。

[关键词] 微型出版社 集体式出版 替代性经营 同盟化联动 丹麦

[Abstract] The development of network information and the rise of electronic books have caused a continuous impact on the publishing industry. Micro-publishers are often the most vulnerable objects due to their small size and weak resistance to pressure. However, while facing survival challenges, Danish micro-publishers have been able to rise against the trend and become a model for countries to follow. This article provides an overview of the basic status quo of Danish micro-publishers from three levels: scale definition, publishing preference and local orientation. On this basis, this article summarizes the unique characteristics of Danish micro-publishers in five aspects: non-profit orientation, collective publishing, alternative management, diversity policy, and alliance organization. This article introduces the operating characteristics and practical innovation strategies of Danish micro-publishers in order to provide a reference for the rapid development of Chinas publishing industry.

[Key words] Micro-publishersCollective publishingAlternative managementAlliance organization Denmark

作为“一带一路”的北欧驿站,丹麦不仅是最早同中国建立全面战略伙伴关系的北欧国家,并且是亚投行创始成员国之一[1]。其位于斯堪的纳维亚半岛的最南端,总人口数为580万,国土面积4.3万平方公里,是一个典型的北欧小国。但它同时也是一个高度发达的资本主义国家,拥有极其完善的社会福利制度,贫富差距极小,国民享受极高的生活品质。2018年全球幸福指数排名丹麦位列第三。安徒生童话诞生地的丹麦有着良好的人文环境,据丹麦统计局最新《国民文化习惯调查》显示,丹麦民众不仅受教育程度高而且热爱读书,25岁至64岁年龄段受过高等教育的人口比例已从2000年的6%增长到2018年的12%,家人和朋友间的小说借阅率高达21%[2]。

近年来,信息技术的发展导致媒介环境不断变化,全球化的浪潮冲击着传统内容行业。……

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