梁轶 祝罗根 王雪 徐晨 胡志慧

[摘要]目的：探讨超短波结合功能训练对烧伤瘢痕修复患者瘢痕挛缩改善的效果。方法：选择2017年8月-2019年12月在笔者医院接受治疗的102例烧伤后瘢痕修复患者作为本次研究对象。按照简单随机法将患者分成观察组及对照组，每组各51例。观察组给予常规康复锻炼+超短波+功能训练，对照组采用常规康复锻炼。观察两组患者的色素沉着情况、疼痛、瘢痕、关节恢复情况及日常生活能力。结果：与对照组相比，观察组患者的色素沉着情况恢复明显更优，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。观察组患者护理后的疼痛评分及瘢痕情况评分更低，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。观察组患者的主动关节活动度、被动关节活动度明显更高，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。觀察组患者的日常生活能力评分明显更高，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论：超短波结合功能训练可以有效改善烧伤后瘢痕修复患者瘢痕挛缩情况，缓解色素沉着，值得临床推广应用。

[关键词]超短波;功能训练;瘢痕挛缩;烧伤;色素沉着;关节活动度;疼痛;生活质量

[中图分类号]R619+.6    [文献标志码]B    [文章编号]1008-6455（2021）01-0156-04

Effect of Ultrashort Wave Combined with Functional Training on Scar Contracture in Patients with Burn Scar Repair

LIANG Yi，ZHU Luo-gen，WANG Xue，XU Chen，HU Zhi-hui

（Department of Plastic and Burn，Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University，Luzhou 646000，Sichuan，China）

Abstract： Objective  To investigate the effect of ultrashort wave combined with functional training on scar contracture in patients with burn scar repair. Methods  A total of 102 scar repair patients after burns treated in our hospital from August 2017 to December 2019 were selected as the subjects of this study. Patients were divided into the observation group and the control group according to simple random method， with 51 cases in each group. The observation group was given routine rehabilitation exercise+ultrashort wave+functional training， and the control group was given regular rehabilitation exercises. The pigmentation， pain， scar， joint recovery and activities of daily living of the two groups were observed. Results  Compared with the control group， the pigmentation recovery of the observation group was significantly better， the difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）. The scores of pain and scar in the observation group were lower than those in the control group（P<0.05）. The active range of motion and passive range of motion of the observation group were significantly higher（P<0.05）. The score of ADL in the observation group was significantly higher（P<0.05）. Conclusion  Ultrashort wave combined with functional training can effectively improve the scar contracture of patients with scar repair after burn and relieve pigmentation， which is worthy of clinical promotion.

Key words： ultrashort wave; functional training; scar contracture; burn; pigmentation; range of motion; pain; quality of life

烧伤后皮肤缺损及开放创面修复是临床常见难题[1-2]。临床上，对于烧伤患者多采用自体网状皮移植手术，可有效节省皮源，操作方便，还可有效缩短手术时间。烧伤患者术后愈合缓慢，同时还会出现瘢痕，而瘢痕增生挛缩畸形又会影响患者的四肢功能，对患者的正常生活产生不利影响[3-4]。因此，有必要预防瘢痕挛缩，改善瘢痕情况和色素沉着。超短波是频率为30～300MHz，波长为1～10m的电流，具有高频电疗法的生物学效应和治疗作用[5-6]。功能训练可以针对患者的病情，不断改善患者的正常功能，进而提高患者的康复效果。为此，本研究通过超短波结合功能训练对烧伤后瘢痕修复患者开展护理，探讨其对瘢痕挛缩改善情况及对瘢痕评分和色素沉着的影响，现报道如下。……