梁一雷 苏武

[摘要]目的：比較不同种植修复技术对牙齿种植患者恢复情况及PES评分、WES评分的影响。方法：选择2016年3月-2019年4月在笔者医院接受治疗的需要进行口腔种植修复的98例患者为研究对象，随机分为数字化导航技术即刻种植组（A组）32例、即刻种植组（B组）32例和延期种植组（C组）34例。术后对各组患者PES评分、WES评分、口腔功能以及满意度进行分析，并对患者美学评分和满意度进行相关性分析。结果：术后3个月、6个月和12个月，A组患者PES评分最高，B组次之，C组最低，统计学分析结果表明差异有显著性（P<0.05）。术后3个月、6个月和12个月，A组患者WES评分最高，B组次之，C组最低，统计学分析结果表明差异有显著性（P<0.05）。术后6个月和12个月，各组患者骨吸收情况差异显著，其中以A组骨吸收最少，B组次之，C组的骨吸收量最大。各组种植体颈部和根部偏移情况比较有显著性差异（P<0.05），其中以A组偏移量最少，C组偏移量最大。术后3个月、6个月和12个月，A组患者咀嚼功能评分最高，B组次之，C组最低，统计学分析结果表明有显著性差异（P<0.05）。各组患者对附着高度、咀嚼功能、整体美观的满意度比较有显著性差异（P<0.05），均以A组最高，B组次之，C组最低。Pearson相关性分析结果显示，PES和WES与患者满意度均呈正相关（r1=0.416，P=0.0179;r2=0.397，P=0.0245）。结论：数字化导航即刻种植能够更加有效改善患者术后口腔功能，同时具有较好的美学效果，具有较高的临床应用价值。

[关键词]种植修复技术;牙齿种植;白色美学评分;红色美学评分

[中图分类号]R782.12    [文献标志码]A    [文章编号]1008-6455（2021）01-0122-04

The Effect of Different Implant Repair Techniques on the Recovery of Dental Implant Patients and the Scores of PES and WES

LIANG Yi-lei，SU Wu

（Department of Stomatology，Wuming Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi Medical University，Nanning 530199，Guangxi，China）

Abstract： Objective To compare the effects of different implant repair techniques on the recovery of dental implant patients and the PES score and WES score. Methods 98 patients who needed oral implant repair for treatment in our hospital from March 2016 to April 2019 were randomly divided into digital navigation technology instant implant group （group A）（n=32）， instant implant group （group B）（n=32） and delayed implant group （group C）（n=34）. PES score， WES score， oral function and satisfaction were analyzed in each group after operation， correlation analysis of patient's aesthetic score and satisfaction. Results 3 months， 6 months and 12 months after operation， the PES score of patients in group A was the highest， followed by group B and group C was the lowest， and the statistical analysis results showed that the difference was significant （P<0.05）. 3 months， 6 months and 12 months after operation， group A patients had the highest WES score， group B followed， group C was the lowest， and the statistical analysis results showed a significant difference （P<0.05）. After 6 months and 12 months after operation， the bone resorption in each group was significantly different， among which the bone resorption in group A was the least， the second in group B and the largest in group C. There were significant differences in the deviation of the neck and root of each group of implants （P<0.05）， among which group A had the least offset and group C had the largest offset. 3 months， 6 months and 12 months after operation， the patients in group A had the highest score of masticatory function， followed by group B and group C，and the statistical analysis results showed that the difference was significant （P<0.05）.The satisfaction of the patients in each group with attachment height，mastication function and overall aesthetics was significantly different （P<0.05）， all of them were the highest in group A， group B and group C.Pearson correlation analysis showed that PES and WES were positively correlated with patient satisfaction （r1=0.416， P=0.0179; r2 =0.397， P=0.0245）. Conclusion  Digital navigation and immediate implantation can improve the oral function of patients more effectively， and have good aesthetic effect， and have high clinical application value.

Key words： implant repair techniques; dental implant; pink esthetic score; white esthetic score

牙齿种植主要是通过手术将种植体植入口腔内从而恢复咀嚼能力，并且改善美观[1-2]。目前，在临床上通过即刻种植、延迟种植以及近年来新出现的数字导航种植[3-4]。即刻种植是在拔牙之后在拔牙窝内马上将种植体植入，该法有助于拔牙创骨量的维持，临床疗效确切，但该方法基于二维影像设计方案，对医生的临床经验要求较高，容易出现偏差，影响种植效果[5-6]。延迟种植，在拔牙创愈合3个月后，将种植体植入在健康的牙槽嵴上，再经过3～6个月的愈合，开始进行上部结构的修复，该法修复疗程较长，过程复杂，而且容易引起牙槽骨吸收、牙龈萎缩，最终影响面部外观和功能[7-8]。数字导航技術是利用计算机3D数字模型进行虚拟植入模拟设计，有助于提高种植效果，近年来在口腔种植修复中的应用也取得了较好成效。……