盛阳

摘 要：家用汽车与它的四个轮子作为一个整体，在没有打滑的情况下，彼此之间是遵守“同动”效应的，四轮之间的差异只在于运动快慢，即变化的转速比。差速器提供的不限制的转速差远超正常行驶需要，带来了汽车驱动轮单侧空转的弊端并无解。为了解决此种弊端，差速锁直接锁死差速器帮助车子脱困。差速锁不去解决差速器多余转速差，而是关闭差速器消除全部转速差，原理上就走错了方向，这使得它无论采取怎样的工作方式，都很难达到一个理想的效果。而半开放式差速器，在差速器基础上砍掉多余的转速比，原理上这才是正确的方向。

关键词：同动 转速比 转速差 自转 公转

Discussion on the Principle and Structural Advantages of Semi-open Differential

Sheng Yang

Abstract：The family car and its four wheels as a whole， in the absence of skidding， follow the "simultaneous motion" effect. The difference between the four wheels is only in the speed of movement， that is， the changing speed ratio. The unrestricted speed difference provided by the differential far exceeds the requirements of normal driving， and the disadvantage of the single-sided idling of the driving wheel of the car is not solved. To solve this drawback， the differential lock directly locks the differential to help the car get out of trouble. The differential lock does not solve the extra speed difference of the differential， but closes the differential to eliminate all the speed differences. In principle， the car goes in the wrong direction. This makes it difficult to achieve an ideal effect no matter what working method adopted. The semi-open differential cuts off the excess speed ratio on the basis of the differential， which ， in principle， is right.

Key words：simultaneous motion， speed ratio， speed difference， rotation， revolution

差速器作为汽车传动的重要部件，其创新性在于驱动轴并不直接啮合车轮轴齿轮，而是先直驱一个行星轮盘，再由行星轮盘内部同步公转的行星轮啮合左右车轮的半轴齿轮。行星轮公转从动于行星轮盘，而自转却从动于两侧半轴齿轮，將力矩平均分配给两个车轮的同时允许车轮有自由的转速差。这种结构最大优点是无论转弯还是路面凹凸不平，两个车轮都能精准的匹配路面，同时又能提供提供均等的推力，是最优秀的结构。但是一旦某个车轮悬空或者打滑，均等推力的特性使得另一个车轮也无法提供推力，来自驱动轴的全部功率都用在给空转轮加速上。差速器自由的转速差不受限制，必然自带这种情况，多余的转速比远超行驶需求。……