基于线性规划的轨道交通车辆装配车体挠度调整方法研究
2021-02-19欧阳柏添蔡家富刘桂雄
欧阳柏添 蔡家富 刘桂雄






摘 要:针对装配车体挠度调整过程中存在过程麻烦、容易出错、人力耗费大的问题,文章从装配车体模型入手,研究基于线性规划的轨道交通车辆装配车体挠度调整方法。通过建立装配车体有限元模型,求解装配车体调整过程各调整点调整力与装配车体挠度变形关系。通过三次样条曲线拟合方法对装配车体挠度变形曲线进行拟合,并利用线性规划方法求解最优装配车体挠度调整方法。结果表明,利用该方法可快速计算出各调整点挠度调整力最小的最优调整方法,指导技术人员对装配车体进行调整。
关键词:装配车体;挠度调整;三次样条曲线拟合;线性规划
中图分类号:TP29 文献标志码:A文章编号:2096-4706(2021)13-0144-04
Research on Deflection Adjustment Method of Rail Transit Vehicle Assembly Carbody Based on linear Programming
OUYANG Baitian1, CAI Jiafu2, LIU Guixiong2
(1.Guangdong Jiangmen Supervision Testing Institute of Quality & Metrology, Jiangmen 529030, China;
2. College of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China)
Abstract: In view of the problem of troublesome process, error-proneness, and high labor cost in the assembly car body deflection adjustment process, this paper starts with the assembly car body model and studied the rail transit vehicle assembly car body deflection adjustment method based on the linear programming method. By establishing a finite element model of the assembly car body, the relationship between the adjustment force of each adjustment point and the deflection of the assembly car body during the adjustment process of the assembly car body is solved. The cubic spline curve fitting method is used to fit the deflection deformation curve of the assembly car body, and the linear programming method is used to solve the optimal assembly car body deflection adjustment method. The results show that this method could quickly calculate the optimal adjustment method with the smallest deflection adjustment force at each adjustment point, and guide the technicians to adjust the assembled car body.
Keyword: assembly car body; deflection adjustment; cubic spline curve fitting; linear programming
0 引 言
轨道交通装配车体是轨道交通的重要一环,轨道交通装配车体可用于运输乘客往返城市与郊区。装配车体底架挠度是装配车体的一项重要结构参数,其中挠度调整主要是在装配车体总成过程中进行。目前对装配车体底架挠度调整的方法主要是使用拉顶装置或者采用火焰调修实现装配车体挠度调整。火焰调修虽然能较好控制装配车体挠度,但是容易对装配车体底架性能产生影响[1,2]。在使用拉顶装置对装配车体挠度进行调整研究中,文献[3](2017)通过对各个调整位置上机械支撑装置设置不同高度,实现挠度对应位置反变形;文献[4](2009)通过采用增加液压拉紧装置数量及提高装置压力的方法,克服装配车体制造过程中挠度偏低的问题;文献[5]在考虑车体底架挠度回弹基础上,利用F形钢卡和千斤顶上顶车体中部位置及下拉车体端部位置,调整装配车体挠度值到达设计值。……
