史斌 沈平绒 岑瑾 邵佩

[摘要] 目的 探討盆底肌电生物反馈疗法对初产妇产后性功能及盆底功能的影响。 方法 选取2019年1月至2020年10月我院收治的180例初产妇为研究对象，按照随机数字法分为两组。对照组应用盆底康复锻炼治疗，研究组应用盆底肌电生物反馈治疗。比较两组患者的FSFI评分、盆底功能及并发症情况。 结果 研究组性欲（7.7±0.9）分，阴道润滑度（15.6±1.7）分、性唤起（14.5±1.7）分、性生活满意度（10.4±1.1）分、性高潮（8.2±1.1）分、性交痛（10.2±1.4）分，高于对照组性欲（6.3±1.1）分，阴道润滑度（14.1±2.0）分、性唤起（12.3±1.7）分、性生活满意度（8.2±1.2）分、性高潮（6.2±1.2）分、性交痛（8.3±1.1）分，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;研究组Ⅰ类肌纤维持续收缩压（41.5±5.3）mmHg、Ⅱ类肌纤维持续收缩压（46.7±4.7）mmHg、盆底静息压（5.5±0.8）mmHg、盆底收缩压（48.7±4.7）mmHg，高于对照组Ⅰ类肌纤维持续收缩压（35.1±4.8）mmHg、Ⅱ类肌纤维持续收缩压（38.8±4.6）mmHg、盆底静息压（4.8±0.7）mmHg、盆底收缩压（39.4±4.4）mmHg，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;研究组并发症（3.3%）低于对照组（13.3%），差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 初产妇应用盆底肌电生物反馈治疗效果显著，可有效改善其产后性功能和盆底功能指标，减少并发症的发生。

[关键词] 盆底康复锻炼;盆底肌电生物反馈;初产妇;性功能;盆底功能;并发症

[中图分类号] R711.3          [文献标识码] B          [文章编号] 1673-9701（2021）33-0077-04

[Abstract] Objective To explore the effect of pelvic floor electromyography biofeedback therapy on postpartum sexual function and pelvic floor function of primipara. Methods A total of 180 primiparous women admitted to our hospital from January 2019 to October 2020 were selected as the research objects， and they were divided into two groups by random number method. The control group was treated with pelvic floor rehabilitation exercise， and the study group was treated with pelvic floor electromyography biofeedback. The FSFI score， pelvic floor function，and complications of the two groups of patients were observed and analyzed. Results The sexual desire （7.7±0.9）points，vaginal lubricity （15.6±1.7）points， sexual arousal （14.5±1.7） points，sexual satisfaction （10.4±1.1） points，orgasm （8.2±1.1）points， pain during intercourse （10.2±1.4） points of the study group was higher than the control group′s sexual desire （6.3±1.1）points，vaginal lubricity （14.1±2.0） points，sexual arousal （12.3±1.7）points，sexual satisfaction （8.2±1.2） points，orgasm （6.2±1.2）points， dyspareunia （8.3±1.1）points， and the difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）.The continuous systolic blood pressure of type Ⅰ muscle fibers （41.5±5.3）mmHg，the continuous systolic pressure of type Ⅱ muscle fibers （46.7±4.7）mmHg， resting pressure of pelvic floor （5.5±0.8）mmHg， and systolic pressure of pelvic floor （48.7±4.7） mmHg of the control group were higher than the continuous systolic pressure of type I muscle fibers（35.1±4.8）mmHg， the continuous systolic pressure of type Ⅱ muscle fibers （38.8±4.6）mmHg，pelvic floor resting pressure （4.8±0.7）mmHg， pelvic floor systolic blood pressure （39.4±4.4）mmHg of the control group，and the difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）. Complications in the study group（3.3%） were lower than those in the control group （13.3%），and the difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）. Conclusion The application of pelvic floor electromyography biofeedback therapy for primipara has a significant effect，which can effectively improve their postpartum sexual function and pelvic floor function indexes and reduce the occurrence of complications.

[Key words] Pelvic floor rehabilitation exercise; Pelvic floor electromyography biofeedback; Primipara; Sexual function; Pelvic floor function; Complications

妊娠和分娩均可以引起盆底功能障碍，如盆腔器官脱垂、尿失禁及性功能障碍等。临床研究表明，产妇产后出现性功能障碍的发生率在49%左右，而初产妇发病率在70.6%左右[1]。以往临床治疗产妇产后盆底功能障碍通常采用盆底康复锻炼，其效果得到一致肯定。但是产妇在出院后并不能坚持进行盆底康复训练，从而影响盆底功能的康复[2]。随着医疗技术的不断发展，临床开始逐渐应用肌电生物反馈治疗，通过对患者肌肉进行电刺激，改善肌肉功能，有效帮助其恢复盆底功能，现报道如下。

1 资料与方法

1.1 一般资料

选取2019年1月至2020年10月我院收治的180例初产妇为研究对象，按照随机数字法分为两组，每组各90例。研究组年龄22～38岁，平均（30.1±4.3）岁，分娩方式：阴道分娩46例，剖宫产44例。……