刘玉峰

[摘    要]磷化氢发生器是针对粮仓储存，在密闭条件下，采用低浓度磷化氢气体熏蒸，进行库房内杀虫。该法操作简便、安全、经济、杀虫效果理想，且对储存粮食的无明显影响，可以达到国家规定的仓储标准。磷化氢发生器为全自动控制，标准配置彩色触摸屏和可编程逻辑控制器，可根据实际应用工况自行设置相关参数，实时显示系统工作状态。磷化氢发生器可提供远程报警信号接口，可接入中央监控系统，实现设备状态的远程监测。具有高处理效率、低运行成本、操作维护简单方便、全面的安全保证等优点。

[关键词]磷化氢;反应釜;爆炸极限;引射器;稀释器;环流熏蒸

[中图分类号]S379 [文献标志码]A [文章编号]2095–6487（2021）12–00–03

Novel Phosphine Generator for Fumigation and Insecticidal in Granary

Liu Yu-feng

[Abstract]Phosphine generator is used to kill insects in the warehouse by fumigation with low concentration phosphine gas under closed conditions. The method has the advantages of simple operation， safety， economy， ideal insecticidal effect and no obvious impact on the storage of grain， so as to meet the storage standard stipulated by the state. The phosphine generator is fully automatic control， with standard color touch screen and programmable logic controller. It can set relevant parameters according to the actual application conditions and display the working state of the system in real time. Phosphine generator can provide remote alarm signal interface and can be connected to central monitoring system to realize remote monitoring of equipment status. It has the advantages of high processing efficiency， low operation cost， simple and convenient operation and maintenance， comprehensive safety guarantee and so on.

[Keywords]phosphine; reaction kettle; explosion limit; ejector; diluter; recirculation fumigation

熏蒸杀虫是采用熏蒸剂在密闭的粮仓或其他密闭储物空间内杀死害虫或其他有害动植物的技术手段。熏蒸剂是指在规定要求的湿度、温度和压力下能产生对有害生物致死的一种化学药剂。熏蒸所用的分子状态的气体，能够穿透到被熏蒸的物质中去，且不易于被所熏蒸的物质吸附。熏蒸后通风散气，能扩散出去。总之，熏蒸剂是以其气体分子起作用的不包含呈液态或固态的颗粒悬浮在空气中的烟、雾或霾等气雾剂。

1 粮仓熏蒸杀虫的现状及趋势

当今粮食市场熏蒸作业主要依靠人工投放磷化铝片，然后闭仓自然潮解生成磷化氢气体来熏蒸杀虫。因为磷化铝农药直接投放禁止采用，所以新型的符合规范要求的熏蒸杀虫方式就需要投放到糧食熏蒸的市场。……