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以急性肾梗死为首发表现的心房颤动一例

2021-01-19彭玫玲袁伟曹梦菲仲建军李卫东

新医学 2021年1期

彭玫玲?袁伟?曹梦菲?仲建军?李卫东

【摘要】心房颤动是临床常见疾病之一,且患者容易并发脏器栓塞,尤其是脑梗死,这也是最主要的死亡原因。但约有40%为隐匿性心房颤动,无明显临床症状,其并发症难以预防。心房颤动导致急性肾梗死(ARI)临床少见,但时有发生,而以ARI为首发表现的心房颤动病例罕见,其早期诊断存在难点。该文报道一例以ARI为首发表现的心房颤动患者的诊疗过程,以期对该病的诊断及治疗提供参考。

【关键词】急性肾梗死;心房颤动;动脉造影;血栓抽吸术

Atrial fibrillation presenting with acute renal infarction as the initial manifestation: a case report Peng Meiling, Yuan Wei, Cao Mengfei, Zhong Jianjun, Li Weidong. Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212001, China

Corresponding author, Yuan Wei, E-mail: yuanwei1@ medmail. com. cn

【Abstract】Atrial fibrillation (AF) is one of the common diseases in clinical practice. Patients with AF are prone to be complicated with organ embolism, especially cerebral embolism, which is the most common cause of death. However, approximately 40% of AF is occult without evident clinical symptoms. It is difficult to prevent the complications of AF. Clinically, the incidence of acute renal infarction (ARI) induced by AF is rarely seen but occurs occasionally. Nevertheless, AF presenting with ARI as the first manifestation is rare and its early diagnosis remains a challenge. In this article, the diagnosis and treatment of one case of AF complicated with ARI as the first manifestation were reported, aiming to provide reference for the diagnosis and treatment of this disease.

【Key words】Acute renal infarction;Atrial fibrillation;Arteriography;Thrombus aspiration

心房顫动是由于心房电活动紊乱而损及机械功能,造成心房有效收缩消失,左心房内尤其是左心耳内血液形成涡流,加之其血流速度相对较慢,容易形成附壁血栓,栓子掉落后随血液移动,到达全身脏器,造成脏器缺血坏死,以栓塞脑动脉造成脑梗死最常见,栓塞冠状动脉造成心肌梗死,同样,栓塞肾动脉可引起肾梗死等[2]。2019年,Shen等[3]首次报导一例以急性肾梗死(ARI)和脾梗死为首发表现的心房颤动。结合既往病例及相关研究,我们发现心房颤动引起肾动脉栓塞在临床上时有发生,但以ARI为首发表现的临床病例罕见,现报道如下。

病例资料

一、主诉、病史及体格检查

患者男,72岁。因发作性胸闷、心悸5年,加重4 d,腹痛4 h于2018年2月24日至我院急诊科就诊。患者5年前无明显诱因开始出现胸闷、心悸,活动后明显,休息2 ~ 3 min后自行缓解,未进一步诊治。2018年2月20日患者自觉胸闷、心悸症状加重,持续时间延长至10余分钟,伴气喘,无咳嗽、咳痰,无明显胸痛、头晕、黑矇、发热等不适,至当地医院就诊。……

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