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某电动汽车真空泵辐射噪声隔声罩优化分析

2021-01-16史继霞于淼邓建交安孝文赵伟

汽车科技 2021年6期

史继霞 于淼 邓建交 安孝文 赵伟

史继霞

毕业于吉林大学机械学院,工学硕士学历,现就职于中国第一汽车集团有限公司研发总院,任高级工程师,主要研究方向:汽车振动与噪声、NVH仿真分析。

摘要:某电动车定置ready状态,踩踏制动踏板后,车内有明显真空泵的阶次噪声。为解决该阶次噪声,采用隔声罩结构以降低车内阶次噪声。由于隔声罩结构涉及随形、散热、隔声效率等方面的要求,本文运用边界元方法进行结构优化及隔声分析,按照优化分析方法设计相应的隔声罩,实车验证结果,车内阶次噪声消失,达到了降噪目的。

关键词:电动汽车;隔声罩;边界元;結构优化;CAE;辐射噪声

中图分类号:TU112.59+5 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1005-2550( 2021) 06-0043-04 Resolution of Vacuum Pump Noise Issue for an Electric Vehicle

SHI Jj_xia l.2, YU Miao l.2, DENG Jian-jiao"2, AN Xiao_wen 1.2, ZHAO Wei1.2

( 1.China First Automobile Group Co., Ltd. Chang Chun 130011, China

2.Automobile Vibration and Noise &Safety control Chang Chun 130011, China)

Abstract: When the brake pedal is pressed in the "ready" status,a noise issue surfacesduring the design verification of an electric vehicle program. It is determined that the issue isoriginated from the order noise of the vacuum pump. In order to resolve the issue, an acousticenclosure for the vacuum pump is proposed. The designed enclosure should reduce the noiseto meet the NVH target, and in the meantime must satisfy the requirements of package andheat dissipation. This work uses the boundary element method to optimize the structure andevaluate the efficiency of the sound reduction. Based on the results of the analysis, the designof the enclosure is carried out. After the implementation of the enclosure, the noise issue inthe vehicle is resolved successfully.

Key Words: Electric Vehicle; Acoustical Enclosure; Bem; Structural Optimization; CAE;Radiated Noise

纯电动汽车是未来汽车发展的趋势,相比传统车在振动噪声方面存在较大差异。由于没有发动机噪声的掩蔽效应,真空泵等电器附件的振动噪声在静置时非常明显,影响驾乘舒适度,引起用户抱怨,因此研究如何控制真空泵的振动噪卢尤其重要。

控制噪声的途径主要是对源一路径一响应的控制[2]。对于真空泵本身噪声,增加叶片、旋转器和泵环的制造精度和润滑水平,增加泵本体隔声零件的材料密度、阻尼,合理优化前置消音器,提升电机转速稳定性等措施可降低本身噪声[1]。但从整车NVH控制和产品开发的角度考虑,若未能在前期选型阶段选出满足要求的真空泵,后期会因控制该噪声,而增加成本、周期,甚至为某些方案妥协,而影响车辆性能[3]。……

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