氢吗啡酮与吗啡在癌痛治疗中静脉PCA滴定效果比较
2021-01-15李锐林楠孙寅张红玲符丽娟李雁青夏凤娥
李锐 林楠 孙寅 张红玲 符丽娟 李雁青 夏凤娥

【摘要】 目的 分析氢吗啡酮与吗啡静脉自控镇痛(PCA)滴定用于癌痛治疗中的临床效果。
方法 选取2018年1月~2019年1月收治的88例癌痛患者为研究对象,随机分为观察组和对照组,各44例,两组患者分别使用氢吗啡酮与吗啡静脉PCA滴定,对比两组患者治疗前、治疗后4 h、8 h、16 h和24 h等不同时间段疼痛数字评分(NRS)及镇静评分,观察两组不良反应发生情况和简易健康状况评定量表(SF-36)变化。
结果 两组治疗前、治疗后4 h、8 h和16 h NRS评分无明显变化(P>0.05);两组治疗后24 h NRS评分观察组低于对照组(P<0.01)。两组不同时间段镇静效果对比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);两组不良反应发生率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);两组SF-36评分对比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。
结论 氢吗啡酮与吗啡静脉PCA滴定在癌痛治疗中均具有良好的镇痛效果,且不良反应发生率和SF-36相当,但氢吗啡酮在作用时间上有一定优势,临床上可予以优先考虑。
【关键词】 癌痛;氢吗啡酮;吗啡;自控镇痛
中图分类号:R614 文献标志码:A DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1003-1383.2021.12.012
【Abstract】 Objective To analyze the clinical effects of hydromorphone and morphine intravenous patient controlled analgesia (PCA) titrations in the treatment of cancer pain.
Methods 88 patients with cancer pain treated from January 2018 to January 2019 were randomly divided into observation group and control group, with 44 cases in each group. The two groups were given hydromorphone and morphine intravenous PCA titrations, respectively. And then, numerical rating scale (NRS) and sedation score were compared between the two groups before treatment, and 4 h, 8 h, 16 h and 24 h after treatment, and the occurrence of adverse reactions and the changes of simple health status assessment scale (SF-36) were observed.
Results There was no significant change in NRS score before treatment and 4 h, 8 h and 16 h after treatment (P>0.05), and 24 h after treatment, the NRS score of the observation group was lower than that of the control group (P<0.01). There was no statistically significant difference in sedative effects between the two groups at different time periods (P>0.05), and there was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups (P>0.05). In addition, and there was no statistically significant difference in the SF-36 scores between the two groups (P>0.05).
Conclusion Both hydromorphone and morphine intravenous PCA titrations have good analgesic effects in the treatment of cancer pain, the incidence of adverse reactions and SF-36 score are comparable, but hydromorphone has some advantages in the time of action, which can be given priority in clinical practice.
【Key words】 cancer pain; hydromorphone; morphine; PCA
癌痛是腫瘤患者的一种常见症状,其致病因素较为复杂,癌痛对患者的健康、心理、精神产生极大影响。临床实践发现[1],癌痛已成为肿瘤晚期患者主要临床症状之一,有50%~80%的患者因为癌痛无法得到有效控制,身心健康和生活质量产生严重影响。镇痛药是缓解晚期癌痛的主要手段,吗啡和氢吗啡酮均属于强阿片类镇痛药物,对于缓解癌痛有重要意义,但目前针对二者在癌痛中的具体疗效仍存在争议[2]。为进一步了解上述两种药物的作用和效果,我们选取88例癌痛患者,对比二者治疗差异性,以此为临床提供借鉴经验。……
