刘迎 陈青 梁晓 伍春玲

摘  要：为探索添加喷雾助剂对螺虫乙酯和联苯菊酯防治石斛菲盾蚧的增效作用及机理，研究了3种喷雾助剂快速渗透剂T、有机硅助剂DA101和植物油类助剂HZS对药液物理性状的影响和添加助剂前后药剂的室内毒力和田间防效。结果表明：3种助剂均可降低22.4%螺虫乙酯悬浮剂和100 g/L联苯菊酯乳油药液的表面张力和叶面接触角，并增加了药液在金钗石斛叶片的最大持留量;添加3种喷雾助剂均提升了螺虫乙酯和联苯菊酯对石斛菲盾蚧若虫的室内毒力，其中快速渗透剂T对螺虫乙酯、植物油类助剂HZS对联苯菊酯的增效作用最强，增效比分别达34.4%和24.3%;田间防效表明添加快速渗透剂T对螺虫乙酯、添加植物油类助剂HZS对联苯菊酯防治石斛菲盾蚧均有较好的增效作用，快速渗透剂T对螺虫乙酯的防效提高了8.2%～22.8%，植物油类助剂HZS对联苯菊酯的防效提高了10.6%～27.5%。综上，添加喷雾助剂对药剂防治石斛菲盾蚧具有明显的增效作用，生产实践中适宜推广应用。

关键词：喷雾助剂;螺虫乙酯;联苯菊酯;石斛菲盾蚧;增效作用

中图分类号：S435.672      文献标识码：A

Abstract： To make clear the synergism and mechanisms of three spray adjuvants on spirotetramat and bifenthrin against Phenacaspis dendrobii， the influence of three spray adjuvants （fast penetrating agent T， organosilicon additive DA101 and vegetable oil auxiliaries HZS） on physical properties of pesticide liquid， the synergistic effects on indoor virulence and field control effect were investigated in this study. The results indicated that adding the three spray adjuvants could reduce the surface tension， contact angle and also increase the retention of pesticide liquid of spirotetramat 22.4% SC and bifenthrin 100 g/L EC. Spray adjuvants could increase the indoor virulence of spirotetramat and bifenthrin. Synergistic effect of adding fast penetrating agent T on spirotetramat and adding HZS on bifenthrin were better than that of the other two adjuvants and the synergism ratio was 34.4% and 24.3%， respectively. Field experiments showed that the addition of fast penetrating agent T had a good synergistic effect on spirotetramat for controlling P. dendrobii in different concentrations and the synergism ratio was between 8.2%-22.8%， as well as the synergism ratio of HZS to bifenthrin was between 10.6%-27.5%. So， adding spray adjuvants on spirotetramat and bifenthrin have an obvious synergistic effect for the control of P. dendrobii and this is suitable for popularization and application in production practice.

Keywords： spray adjuvant; spirotetramat; bifenthrin; Phenacaspis dendrobii Kuwana; synergism

DOI： 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2021.12.026

金釵石斛（Dendrobium nobile Lindl），又名吊兰花、扁金钗，因其特殊的生存环境和卓越的滋补功效具有较高的药用价值[1]，金钗石斛以茎入药，其药用功效在《神农本草经》和《本草纲目》中均有记载，同时金钗石斛也属于一种兰科重要的观赏花卉植物。金钗石斛自然条件下对生长环境要求十分苛刻，生长缓慢，加之过度的采掘和利用，野生金钗石斛已近乎濒危。……