张娅 顾明华 朱可针 梁琼月 龚银花 何冰 何丽珊

摘  要：为了研究油菜素内酯（brassinolide， BL）对甘蔗组织培养的影响，本研究以“植物器官从头再生”“体细胞胚再生”2种组培快繁体系为基础，通过添加适宜浓度的2，4-表油菜素内酯（2，4-epibrassinolide， 2，4-EBL）于基础培养基中，设计了6套适用于甘蔗快繁的组合培养基方案。并于不同诱导阶段（不定根诱导、愈伤组织诱导、成苗诱导）对接种材料的形态特征及内源植物激素（油菜素内酯、玉米素核苷、生长素、脱落酸）的含量变化进行了统计与测定，探讨了油菜素内酯应用于甘蔗组织培养快繁技术的可行性。结果表明，将不定根培养基MS + 0.2 mg/L 2，4-D + 0.2 mg/L LFS与成苗培养基MS + 0.5 mg/L KT +（0.2 mg/L IBA / 0.2 mg/L 2，4-EBL）+ 300 mg/L Pro进行组合，为甘蔗组培快繁的较优方案，油菜素内酯可应用于甘蔗组织培养快繁技术，且体细胞胚再生成苗优于愈伤组织再生成苗，成苗时间可缩短至32 d。

关键词：甘蔗;组织培养;油菜素内酯;植物激素

中图分类号：S566.1      文献标识码：A

Abstract： Based on two tissue culture and rapid propagation systems of “plant organ de novo regeneration” and “so-matic embryo regeneration”， six combinations of medium were designed by adding appropriate concentration of 2，4-epibrassinolide into the basic medium to explore the effects of brassinolide （BL） on sugarcane tissue culture. The morphological characteristics of different induction stages， including adventitious root induction， callus induction and seedling induction， were analyzed. The content changes of endogenous plant hormones （brassinolide， zeatin riboside， indole 3 acetic acid， abscisic acid） were determined. The feasibility of brassinolide application in sugarcane tissue cul-ture and rapid propagation was discussed. The combination of adventitious root medium MS+0.2 mg/L 2.4-D+0.2 mg/L LFS and seedling medium MS + 0.5 mg/L KT+（0.2 mg/L IBA / 0.2 mg/L 2，4-EBL）+ 300 mg/L Pro was the better scheme for sugarcane tissue culture and rapid propagation. Brassinolide could be used in tissue culture and rapid propagation of sugarcane. The regeneration time of somatic embryo was better than that of callus， which could be shortened to 32 days.

Keywords： sugarcane; tissue culture; brassinolide; phytohormone

DOI： 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2021.12.014

甘蔗（Saccharum officinarum L.）是我國重要的糖料作物，产糖量占我国食糖总产量的90%以上[1]，同时，甘蔗作为C4高光效及同源多倍体遗传研究的模式植物，具有重大的科研价值[2]。受限于遗传背景复杂且全基因组测序未完成的阻碍，甘蔗的育种进程缓慢[3]。现今的甘蔗传种方式以农民自留种为主，且多为第三年蔗，因其易携带宿根矮化病、黑穗病、花叶病及黄叶病等病害，导致种苗的质量差，常对后续甘蔗的生产造成严重影响[4]。基于甘蔗幼嫩组织的全能性，利用茎尖生产脱毒苗不失为最有效的繁种方式[5-6]。……